Abstract: According to the data collected from four seasonal trawling surveysbetween2012and 2013 in the waterssurrounding theTaishan Islands, we made a list of fish species in this area and calculated its taxonomic diversity by PRIMER 5.0. We identified 208 fish species including 2 classes, 20 orders, 81 families and 150 genera in the waters around Taishan Islands, with Perciformes being the major order. According to the survey datafrom 2012 to 2013, 77 fish species including 2 classes, 11 orders, 40 families and 63 genera were identified. The average taxonomic distinctness (△+) and variation in taxonomic distinctness (+) of fish species listed in that area were 63.14 and 378.4, respectively. The taxonomic diversity (△) and taxonomic distinctness (△*) were higher in autumn and spring than in summer and winter. It is concluded that the speciesin spring was more than that in summer and autumn, and was the least in winter. Water temperature and food were the main factors which affect fish species composition.