Abstract: There are abundant marine bioresources, such as purpleback flying squid (Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), in the deep-sea area of central and southern South China Sea. This paper introduced the status of tuna and squid fisheries and resources in South China Sea respectively.On this basis, the prospect for the development of relevant fisheries in China was discussed and it was proposed that the marine bioresources exploitation in South China Sea should focus on developing flying squid fisheries by using light falling net.