3种岭南特色NFC果汁对大黄鱼鱼糜凝胶特性及吞咽适应性的影响

Effects of three Lingnan characteristic NFC fruit juices on the gel properties and swallowing suitability of Larimichthys crocea surimi

  • 摘要: 为探究3种岭南特色水果非浓缩 (Not from concentrate, NFC) 果汁在易吞咽类鱼糜食品开发中的应用潜力,及其对大黄鱼 (Larimichthys crocea) 鱼糜凝胶特性的影响,分别添加余甘子 (Phyllanthus emblica)、黄皮 (Clausena lansium) 和菠萝 (Ananas comosus) NFC果汁制备鱼糜凝胶,系统评价鱼糜的物化、感官、风味、抗氧化及吞咽分级。结果表明,黄皮组综合品质最优:短期冻融与热流变稳定性最佳,白度最高、色差最小,DPPH自由基清除率最高,感官评分、风味轮廓与原味组无显著差异 (p>0.05);余甘子组凝胶强度仅次于原味组 (p<0.05),内聚性、弹性与原味组无显著差异,但色泽偏暗、低温稳定性不足;菠萝组硬度最高但内聚性和弹性最低,呈硬脆劣化特征,色泽黄变明显,感官评分最低。所有样品均符合国际吞咽困难饮食标准化倡议的6级软质食品标准。综上,黄皮NFC果汁可有效改善鱼糜凝胶综合品质,余甘子次之,菠萝添加易引发凝胶质构劣变。

     

    Abstract: The study investigated the application potential of not-from-concentrate (NFC) juices of three characteristic fruits from Lingnan (southern China) in developing swallow-friendly surimi products and their effects on the gel properties of Larimichthys crocea surimi. We prepared surimi gels by incorporating not-from-concentrate (NFC) juices from Phyllanthus emblica, Clausena lansium, and pineapple (Ananas comosus), respectively. Then we systematically evaluated the physicochemical properties, textural characteristics, sensory attributes, flavor profiles, antioxidant activity, and swallowing properties of the resultant surimi gels. Among the tested fruit juices, C. lansium NFC juice presented the best comprehensive performance: it had the highest short-term freeze-thaw stability, thermorheological stability, whiteness and DPPH radical-scavenging activity, with the smallest total color difference. No significant differences were observed in sensory scores or flavor profiles between the C. lansium and control groups (p>0.05). The P. emblica group had the second-highest gel strength, with cohesiveness and springiness comparable to the control, but exhibited a darker appearance and weaker low-temperature stability. The pineapple group showed the highest hardness but the lowest cohesiveness and springiness, presenting a hard and brittle texture with obvious yellow discoloration and the lowest sensory score. All surimi gels met Level 6 of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) framework. In conclusion, C. lansium NFC juice is the preferred natural ingredient for improving the comprehensive quality of L. crocea surimi gels, followed by P. emblica, while pineapple adversely affects textural and sensory properties.

     

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