Optimization of high-pressure speece cone selection and accessories development of breeding vessels
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摘要: 优质的海水是深远海集约化养殖成功的前提，提升养殖水体的溶解氧对于高密度养殖至关重要。增氧锥是养殖水体最高效的增氧设备之一。针对深远海养殖工船空间紧凑的现状，对增氧锥外形进行优选，并开发相关配件，以达到高效增氧和节约空间的目的。采用流体仿真技术，利用其文丘里结构产生的射流、偏流、回流现象获得增氧效果；通过设计开发微孔曝气射流装置，借助微气泡原理和二次射流效果，进一步提升了增氧锥中氧气溶于水的效率。流体仿真软件结果显示，在其他条件相同的情况下，增氧锥截面角度为28°时，液速峰值最高，产生的溶解氧效果最佳；有无曝气管射流的对比实验结果显示，加装曝气管的增氧锥增氧速度较快，该配件对于增氧锥的作业有良好的辅助功能，具有较好的应用价值。Abstract: High-quality seawater is the prerequisite for success of intensive marine aquaculture, and improving dissolved oxygen of aquaculture water is crucial for high-density aquaculture. Speece cone is one of the most efficient oxygenating equipments in aquaculture water. In view of the current situation of compact space of offshore breeding vessel, we optimized the selection of speece cone, and developed related accessories to achieve the purposes of efficient aeration and space saving. We applied fluid simulation technology to optimize the angle of speece cone, and reasonably used the jet and bias phenomenon caused by venturi structure to increase the dissolved oxygen effect. By the design and development of microporous aeration jet device with help of microbubble principle and secondary jet effect, we improved the efficiency of oxygen dissolved in water in the speece cone. According to the results of the fluid simulation software, under the same other conditions, the speece cone section had the highest peak liquid velocity and the best dissolved oxygen at the section angle of 28°. According to the comparative experimental results of whether there was an aeration jet device, the speece cone with aeration jet device was faster, and it is concluded that the accessory has good auxiliary function for the operation of speece cone and has a good value of application.
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Key words:
- Breeding vessels /
- Speece cone /
- Fluid simulation /
- Preference appearance
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图 1 24°、28°、32°截面角度的流体仿真分析图
Figure 1. Analysis diagram of fluid simulation at 24°, 28° and 32° angles
图 2 增氧锥发生的偏流、回流现象和实验模拟过程中发生的偏流
Figure 2. Partial flow and reflux in speece cone, and biased flow occurred during experimental simulation
图 3 微孔曝气射流器截面图和流体仿真图
Figure 3. Cross-sectional view and fluid simulation diagram of microporous aeration jet
图 4 增氧锥整体速度分布图和内液体流动轨迹图
Figure 4. Overall velocity distribution plot and diagram of liquid flow trajectories in speece cone
图 5 增氧锥增氧系统整体流程图和现场实验图
Figure 5. Overall flow chart and physical diagram of speece cone aeration system
图 7 增氧锥内溶解氧提升速度对比
Figure 7. Comparison of dissolved oxygen enhancement rates in speece cone
表 1 管径、速度、流量对照表
Table 1. Check list of caliber, velocity and rate of flow
管径 (DN)
Caliber流量 Rate of flow/(m3·h−1) 1.2 m·s−1 1.4 m·s−1 1.6 m·s−1 1.8 m·s−1 2.0 m·s−1 2.2 m·s−1 2.4 m·s−1 2.6 m·s−1 2.8 m·s−1 3.0 m·s−1 40 5.4 6.3 7.2 8.1 9.0 10.0 10.9 11.8 12.7 13.6 50 8.5 9.9 11.3 12.7 12.7 15.6 17.0 18.4 19.8 21.2 65 14.3 16.7 19.1 21.5 21.5 26.3 28.7 31.1 33.4 35.8 80 21.7 25.3 29.0 32.6 32.6 39.8 43.4 47.0 50.7 54.3 100 33.9 39.6 45.2 50.9 56.5 62.2 67.9 73.5 79.2 84.8 125 53.0 61.9 70.7 79.5 88.4 97.2 106.0 114.9 123.7 132.5 150 76.3 89.1 101.8 114.5 127.2 140.0 152.7 165.1 178.1 190.9 
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