Study on adhesion characteristics of fouling organisms of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and copper alloys mesh
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摘要: 为研究不同材质网衣的污损生物附着效果，于2022年3—5月 (春季) 和6—8月 (夏季) 在福建莆田南日岛海域开展超高分子量聚乙烯网衣和铜合金网衣的现场挂网实验。结果表明：2种网衣污损生物的附着呈现出一定的季节性差异，2种网衣污损生物的密实度、种类数量、优势种种类数量、湿质量和密度均表现为春季低于夏季。其中，超高分子量聚乙烯网衣春、夏季的密实度平均值分别为47.19%、86.98%，污损生物的湿质量平均值分别为 (144.83±15.69)、(1 054.59±34.81) g·网−1，密度平均值分别为 (2 699±49)、(4 630±53) 个·网−1，种类数量分别为12、35种，优势种种类数量分别为4、6种；铜合金网衣春、夏季的密实度平均值分别为41.04%、74.95%，污损生物的湿质量平均值分别为 (118.32±20.13)、(876.25±23.16) g·网−1，密度平均值分别为 (2 678±42)、(3 870±64) 个·网−1，种类数量分别为12、19种，优势种种类数量分别为3、4种。春、夏季高分子量聚乙烯网衣污损生物的密实度、种类数量 (春季相同)、优势种种类数量 (春季相同)、湿质量和密度平均值均高于铜合金网衣。海水温度的变化是污损生物季节差异的主要原因，铜合金网衣的防污损生物附着效果优于高分子量聚乙烯网衣。
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关键词:
- 污损生物 /
- 超高分子量聚乙烯网衣 /
- 铜合金网衣 /
- 附着特征
Abstract: In order to study the adhesion characteristics of fouled organisms on different materials of mesh, we had carried out on-site hanging experiments of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mesh and copper alloy mesh in the waters of Nanri Island, Putian City, Fujian Province during March−May 2022 (Spring) and June−August 2022 (Summer). The results reveal that the attachment of the two kinds of fouled organisms showed certain seasonal differences. The compactness, quantity of species, quantity of dominant species, wet mass and density of the two net-coated stained organisms were lower in spring than in summer. In spring and summer, for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mesh, the average compactnesses were 47.19% and 86.98%, respectively; the average wet masses of fouling organisms were (144.83±15.69) and (1 054.59±34.81) g·net−1, respectively; the average densities were (2 699±49) and (4 630±53) ind·net−1, respectively; the quantities of species were 12 and 35, respectively; the quantities of dominant species were 4 and 6, respectively. In spring and summer, for copper alloy mesh, the average compactnesses were 41.04% and 74.95%, respectively; the average wet masses of fouling organisms were (118.32±20.13) and (876.25±23.16) g·net−1, respectively; the average densities were (2 678±42) and (3 870±64) ind·net−1, respectively; the quantities of species were 12 and 19, respectively; the quantities of dominant species were 3 and 4, respectively. The compactness, quantity of species (The same in spring), quantity of dominant species (The same in spring), wet mass and density of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mesh were higher than those of copper alloy mesh in spring and summer. The change of seawater temperature is the main reason for the seasonal difference of fouling organisms, and the anti-fouling biological adhesion effect of copper alloy mesh is better than that of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mesh. -
图 1 超高分子量聚乙烯 (左) 和铜合金网衣 (右)
Figure 1. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mesh (Left) and copper alloy mesh (Right)
图 5 不同季节高分子量聚乙烯网衣和铜合金网衣的密实度
Figure 5. Water permeability of ultra−high molecular weight polyethylene mesh and copper alloy mesh in different seasons
图 6 春、夏季2种网衣污损生物的附着情况
注：图中sp代表春季，su代表夏季；3—8代表月份；c代表铜合金网衣，h代表高分子量聚乙烯网衣。
Figure 6. Adhesion of fouled organisms of ultra high molecular polyethylene mesh and copper alloy mesh in different seasons
Note: In the figure, sp represents spring, su represents autumn, 3−8 represent months, c represents copper alloy mesh, and h represents ultra high molecular polyethylene mesh.
表 1 春、夏季2种网衣污损生物的优势种类统计
Table 1. Statistics of dominant species of fouled organisms on two kinds of net in spring and summer
网衣类型
Type of mesh春季 Spring 夏季 Summer 种名
Species
name数量
Quantity/
(个·网–1)湿质量
Wet mass/
(g·网–1)相对
重要性
指数
IRI种名
Species
name数量
Quantity/
(个·网–1)湿质量
Wet mass/
(g·网–1)相对
重要性
指数
IRI高分子量聚乙烯网衣
Ultra-high molecular
weight polyethylene mesh长颈麦杆虫
Caprella equilibra19 647 25.02 4 740 理石叶钩虾
Jassa marmorata13 326 13.65 3 285 中胚花筒螅
Tubularia mesembryanthemum131 202.42 3 970 长颈麦杆虫
Caprella equilibra10 325 10.17 2 544 理石叶钩虾
Jassa marmorata15 582 7.18 3 451 翡翠股贻贝
Perna viridis4 024 766.58 1 718 厚壳贻贝
Mytilus coruscus2 389 89.44 1 073 中胚花筒螅
Tubularia mesembryanthemum139 349.86 1 549 — — — — 背棘麦杆虫
Caprella caura5 407 13.35 1 367 — — — — 网纹藤壶
Amphibalanus reticulatu393 639.55 1 146 铜合金网衣
Copper alloy mesh长颈麦杆虫
Caprella equilibra11 300 14.28 3 676 翡翠股贻贝
Perna viridis3 435 675.28 4 138 理石叶钩虾
Jassa marmorata8 929 4.06 2 641 长颈麦杆虫
Caprella equilibra5 392 5.91 2 813 厚壳贻贝
Mytilus coruscus2 520 129.50 1 356 理石叶钩虾
Jassa marmorata4 845 5.60 2 529 — — — — 中胚花筒螅
Tubularia mesembryanthemum103 208.87 1 641 注：—表示未鉴定出。 Note: — means not identified. 
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