李成辉, 董宏标, 郑晓婷, 桂福坤, 曾祥兵, 明俊超, 陈飞, 陈健, 张家松. 春砂仁精油对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长、消化、抗氧化能力和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 南方水产科学, 2023, 19(6): 51-59. DOI: 10.12131/20230022
引用本文: 李成辉, 董宏标, 郑晓婷, 桂福坤, 曾祥兵, 明俊超, 陈飞, 陈健, 张家松. 春砂仁精油对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长、消化、抗氧化能力和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 南方水产科学, 2023, 19(6): 51-59. DOI: 10.12131/20230022
LI Chenghui, DONG Hongbiao, ZHENG Xiaoting, GUI Fukun, ZENG Xiangbing, MING Junchao, CHEN Fei, CHEN Jian, ZHANG Jiasong. Effects of Amomum villosum essential oil on growth, digestion, intestinal antioxidant capacity and serum biochemical indexes of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2023, 19(6): 51-59. DOI: 10.12131/20230022
Citation: LI Chenghui, DONG Hongbiao, ZHENG Xiaoting, GUI Fukun, ZENG Xiangbing, MING Junchao, CHEN Fei, CHEN Jian, ZHANG Jiasong. Effects of Amomum villosum essential oil on growth, digestion, intestinal antioxidant capacity and serum biochemical indexes of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2023, 19(6): 51-59. DOI: 10.12131/20230022

春砂仁精油对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长、消化、抗氧化能力和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Amomum villosum essential oil on growth, digestion, intestinal antioxidant capacity and serum biochemical indexes of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

  • 摘要: 为评估春砂仁 (Amomum villosum) 精油在尼罗罗非鱼 (Oreochromis niloticus) 养殖中促消化和保护肠道等功效,在饲料中添加不同剂量 0 (对照组)、2 (低剂量组)、4 (中剂量组) 和8 (高剂量组) g·kg−1 的春砂仁精油饲养罗非鱼幼鱼 (20.34±2.08) g 连续8周。结果显示,随着精油添加剂量的增加,1) 各实验组终末体质量、终末体长、体质量增长率和特定生长率呈先升后降的趋势,饵料系数呈先降后升的趋势,其中低剂量组的各项生长指标均优于其他组 (P<0.05)。2) 各实验组胃蛋白酶 (Pep)、胃淀粉酶 (G-AMS)、肠淀粉酶 (I-AMS) 和肠脂肪酶 (LPS) 活性呈先升后降的趋势,低剂量组的各项消化酶活性均显著高于其他组 (P<0.05)。3) 各实验组罗非鱼幼鱼肠道中总抗氧化能力 (T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 活性、谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 和丙二醛 (MDA) 浓度均呈先升后降的趋势,低剂量组升高显著 (P<0.05)。4) 各实验组罗非鱼幼鱼血清中总蛋白 (TP)、球蛋白 (GLOB)、总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-CH)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-CH) 浓度,碱性磷酸酶 (ALP) 和丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT) 活性均呈先降后升的趋势,其中低剂量组TP、GLOB、TC、LDL-CH和HDL-CH显著低于其他组 (P<0.05)。综上,在该实验条件下拌喂2 g·kg−1春砂仁精油能够显著增强罗非鱼幼鱼的消化和肠道抗氧化能力,提高脂质代谢水平,改善血清肝功能指标,进而提高其生长性能。

     

    Abstract: To evaluate the gastrointestinal effects of Amomum villosum essential oil on promoting digestion and protecting intestine tract in breeding of Oreochromis niloticus, we fed the juveniles (20.34±2.08) g with basic diets of 0 (Control group), 2 (Low-dose group), 4 (Medium-dose group) and 8 g·kg−1 (High-dose group) of A. villosum essential oil for 8 weeks. The results show that with the increase of essential oil concentration: 1) The final body mass, final body length, weight gain rate and specific growth rate increased first and then decreased, but the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased first and then increased. The growth indexes of the low dose group were better than those of the other groups (P<0.05). 2) The activities of pepsin, gastric amylase, intestinal amylase and intestinal lipase in each group increased first and then decreased, and the activities of digestive enzymes increased significantly in the low dose group (P<0.05). 3) The activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the intestine increased first and then decreased, and the difference in the low-dose group was significant (P<0.05). 4) In serum, the concentrations of total protein (TP), globulin (GLOB), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), as well as activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) decreased first and then increased. The concentrations of TP, GLOB, TC, LDL-CH and HDL-CH in the low-dose group decreased significantly (P<0.05). To sum up, adding 2 g·kg−1 A. villosum essential oil into basic diet can improve the digestive capacity, intestinal antioxidant capacity and serum biochemical indexes of juvenile tilapia and promote their growth performance.

     

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