冷檬, 林端权, 翁凌, 张凌晶, 缪松, 曹敏杰, 孙乐常. 坛紫菜蛋白的酶法提取及其理化性质[J]. 南方水产科学, 2023, 19(3): 140-150. DOI: 10.12131/20220242
引用本文: 冷檬, 林端权, 翁凌, 张凌晶, 缪松, 曹敏杰, 孙乐常. 坛紫菜蛋白的酶法提取及其理化性质[J]. 南方水产科学, 2023, 19(3): 140-150. DOI: 10.12131/20220242
LENG Meng, LIN Duanquan, WENG Ling, ZHANG Lingjing, MIAO Song, CAO Minjie, SUN Lechang. Enzymatic extraction and physicochemical properties of Porphyra haitanensis protein[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2023, 19(3): 140-150. DOI: 10.12131/20220242
Citation: LENG Meng, LIN Duanquan, WENG Ling, ZHANG Lingjing, MIAO Song, CAO Minjie, SUN Lechang. Enzymatic extraction and physicochemical properties of Porphyra haitanensis protein[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2023, 19(3): 140-150. DOI: 10.12131/20220242

坛紫菜蛋白的酶法提取及其理化性质

Enzymatic extraction and physicochemical properties of Porphyra haitanensis protein

  • 摘要: 鲍鱼内脏中含有丰富的可分解藻类多糖的水解酶。为实现坛紫菜 (Porphyra haitanensis) 蛋白的高效提取和产业化制备,采用鲍鱼内脏酶对坛紫菜进行酶法破壁提取紫菜蛋白,并比较冷冻干燥与喷雾干燥对蛋白理化性质的影响。结果显示,鲍鱼内脏酶酶解坛紫菜提取蛋白的最佳条件为:加酶量7.6%、酶解时间2.8 h、酶解温度35 ℃、料液比质量体积比为1∶25,在该条件下获得的蛋白得率为 (238.65±2.13) mg∙g−1。观察坛紫菜的外观及细胞形态,发现鲍鱼内脏酶能显著破坏坛紫菜细胞壁。冷冻干燥坛紫菜蛋白 (Freeze-dried P. haitanensis protein, FPP) 在不同pH下的溶解性和乳化性能均优于喷雾干燥坛紫菜蛋白 (Spray-dried P. haitanensis protein, SPP) (P<0.01),而SPP的表面疏水性与接触角均高于FPP (P<0.01)。扫描电镜结果显示, FPP为表面光滑的片状结构,而SPP呈大小较为均一、表面有凹槽的球状颗粒。综上,鲍鱼内脏酶能有效破坏坛紫菜细胞壁,使水溶性蛋白溶出。制备得到的蛋白均具有良好的理化特性,其中冷冻干燥所制备蛋白的理化性质更佳。

     

    Abstract: Abalone viscera is rich in hydrolytic enzymes that can decompose algal polysaccharides. In order to realize the highly efficient extraction and industrial production of Porphyra haitanensis protein, we used abalone visceral enzymes to break the cell wall of P. haitanensis to extract porphyra protein, and compared the physicochemical properties in proteins prepared by freeze drying and air drying. The results show that the optimal enzymatic conditions were obtained as follows: enzyme dosage of 7.6%, enzymatic hydrolysis time of 2.8 h, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 35 ℃, and material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25. The protein yield under above conditions was (238.65±2.13) mg∙g−1. The results of appearance morphology and cell morphology of Porphyra haitanensis indicate that abalone viscera enzymatic digestion could break down the cell wall of P. haitanensis significantly. Freeze-dried P. haitanensis protein (FPP) showed better solubility and emulsification properties than spray-dried P. haitanensis protein (SPP) at different pHs (P<0.01), while the surface hydrophobicity and contact angle of SPP were higher than those of FPP (P<0.01). Scanning electron microscopy shows that FPP had a smooth lamellar surface, while SPP had a more uniform spherical particle size with grooves on the surface. In conclusion, the abalone viscera enzyme was effective in breaking down the cell wall of P. haitanensis and leaching out the water-soluble proteins. All the prepared proteins had good physicochemical proper ties, while the freeze-dried proteins are better than air-dried proteins.

     

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