温度对织锦巴非蛤稚贝生存和生长的影响

吴加莹; 戴明姝; 刘志刚; 刘晓坤

doi:10.12131/20220155

温度对织锦巴非蛤稚贝生存和生长的影响

doi: 10.12131/20220155

吴加莹^1,,
戴明姝¹,
刘志刚^{1, 2, ,},
刘晓坤¹

1.
广东海洋大学水产学院，广东湛江 524088
2.
广东省海产无脊椎动物科技创新中心，广东湛江 524088

基金项目: 2019广西创新驱动发展专项资金 (桂科AA19254032-3)；南海经济动物种质创新与利用创新团队 (2021KCXTD026)

详细信息

作者简介:
吴加莹 (1999—)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为贝类遗传育种与增养殖。E-mail: 1374030650@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘志刚 (1963—)，男，教授，研究方向为贝类遗传育种与增养殖。E-mail: Liuzg919@126.com

中图分类号: S 917.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-31
- 修回日期: 2022-07-21
- 录用日期: 2022-08-09
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-19
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-05

Effects of temperature on survival and growth of Paphia textile juveniles

1.
College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
2.
Guangdong Marine Invertebrate Science and Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China

摘要

摘要: 采用实验生态学方法，观察了温度对织锦巴非蛤 (Paphia textile) 稚贝生存和生长的影响，以期为该贝中间培育场地的选择提供科学依据。结果表明：1) 稚贝的48 h半致死低、高温分别为4.95、33.39 ℃；96 h的半致死低、高温分别为8.68、32.49 ℃；15 d半致死低、高温分别为12.09、31.02 ℃；2) 在持续15 d的实验中，10 ℃时，稚贝在第10天全部死亡；32 ℃时，第15天的成活率仅为16.67%；3) 以稚贝在15 d内50%个体稳定存活的高、低端温度作为生存临界温度，稚贝适宜生存温度范围为12.09~31.02 ℃；以成活率最高的一组或几组 (组间差异不显著)为依据，稚贝最适生存温度范围为14~28 ℃；4) 以平均日增长达到最佳组的30%所对应的高、低端温度为依据，稚贝适宜生长温度范围为16.62~31.14 ℃；以平均日增长最高的一组或几组 (组间差异不显著)为依据，最适生长温度范围为24~28 ℃，最适生长温度在适宜生存温度范围内明显偏向高温端。综上，推测织锦巴非蛤稚贝适宜在南方海区潮下带水温不超过31 ℃的海底底播中培。
- 织锦巴非蛤 /
- 稚贝 /
- 半致死温度 /
- 适宜温度 /
- 最适温度 /
- 成活率 /
- 日增长
Abstract: In this study, we observed the effects of temperature on the survival and growth of Paphia textile juveniles by using experimental ecological methods, so as to provide references for the selection of the intermediate breeding site of the juveniles. The results show that: 1) The 48 h semi-lethal low and high temperatures were 4.95 and 33.39 ℃, respectively; the semi-lethal low and high temperatures at 96 h were 8.68 and 32.49 ℃, respectively; the 15 d semi-lethal low and high temperatures were 12.09 and 31.02 ℃, respectively. 2) At 10 ℃, the juveniles all died on the 10^th day, and at 32 ℃, the survival rate of the juveniles on the 15^th day was only 16.67%. 3) Taking the high and low temperatures of 50% of individuals which survived stably within 15 d as the critical temperature for survival, we found that the suitable survival temperature range of the juveniles was 12.09–31.02 ℃. Based on the group or groups with the highest survival rate (No significant differences between groups), the most suitable survival temperature range of juveniles was 14–28 ℃. 4) Based on the high and low temperatures corresponding to the average daily growth of 30% of the optimal group, the suitable growth temperature range of juveniles was 16.62–31.14 ℃. Based on the group or groups with the highest average daily growth (No significant differences between groups), the most suitable growth temperature range of juveniles was 24–28 ℃, and the optimal growth temperature was obviously biased towards the high temperature side within the suitable survival temperature range. In conclusion, it is inferred that P. textile juvenile is suitable for underwater bottom sowing in the southern sea area with a subtidal water temperature below 31 ℃.
- Paphia textile /
- Juvenile mollusk /
- Semi-lethal temperature /
- Suitable temperature /
- Optimal temperature /
- Survival rate /
- Daily growth

HTML全文

图 1 不同温度下织锦巴非蛤稚贝的体质量平均日增长

注：10 ℃组稚贝全部死亡，平均日增长视为0，不参与显著性分析；方柱上不同字母表示各组之间差异显著 (P<0.05)；图2同此。

Figure 1. Average daily growth of body mass of P. textile juveniles at different temperatures

Note: All the juveniles in the 10 ℃ group died, and the average daily growth was regarded as zero, not involved in the significance analysis; Different letters on the bars indicate significant differences between the groups (P<0.05). The same case in Fig. 2.

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图 2 不同温度下织锦巴非蛤稚贝的壳高和壳长平均日增长

Figure 2. Average daily growth of shell height and length of P. textile juveniles at different temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 织锦巴非蛤稚贝在不同温度下48、96 h的成活率

Table 1. Survival rates of P. textile juveniles at 48^th and 96^th hour at different temperatures

温度Temperature/℃	实测平均成活率Actual measured average survival rate/%		相对平均成活率Relative average survival rate/%
温度Temperature/℃	48 h	96 h	48 h	96 h
4	0.00±0.00^d	0.00±0.00^d	0	0
5	52.76±3.48^c	0.00±0.00^d	52.76	0
6	70.77±8.48^b	1.11±1.92^d	70.77	1.15
7	72.55±8.60^b	2.26±1.96^d	72.55	2.34
8	95.49±4.87^a	27.92±2.93^c	95.49	28.88
9	96.67±3.33^a	57.92±3.08^b	96.67	59.91
20~22	100.00±0.00^a	96.67±3.33^a	100.00	100.00
31	88.62±5.31^b	81.76±3.21^b	88.62	84.58
32	84.44±5.09^c	78.89±1.92^b	84.44	81.61
33	62.89±8.63^d	16.55±3.01^c	62.89	17.12
34	29.63±9.80^e	2.47±2.14^d	29.63	2.55
35	0.00±0.00^f	0.00±0.00^d	0	0
36	0.00±0.00^f	0.00±0.00^d	0	0
注：常温对照组温度为20~22 ℃；低温组与高温组各自做显著性分析；同列不同小写字母表示各组之间差异显著 (P<0.05)，下表同此。 Note: The temperature in the control group is 20−22 ℃. The significance of low temperature group and high temperature group was analyzed respectively. Different lowercase letters within the same column indicate significant differences between the groups (P<0.05). The same case in the following tables.

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表 2 实验周期内不同温度下织锦巴非蛤稚贝每天死亡情况

Table 2. Daily death of P. textile juveniles at different temperatures during experimental period

时间 Time	死亡个数 Number of deaths
时间 Time	10 ℃	14 ℃	18 ℃	22 ℃	24 ℃	26 ℃	28 ℃	30 ℃	32 ℃
第1天 1^st day	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
第2天 2^nd day	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.33	0.33	0
第3天 3^rd day	0.33	0	0.33	0	0	0.33	0.33	0.33	0
第4天 4^th day	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
第5天 5^th day	0.33	0	0	0.33	0	0.33	0	0	0
第6天 6^th day	1.33	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
第7天 7^th day	3.33	0	0	0	0	0.33	0	0.67	0
第8天 8^th day	9.67	0.33	0	0	0	0	0	0.33	0.67
第9天 9^th day	13.00	0	0	0	0	0.33	0	0.33	0
第10天 10^th day	2	0	0	0	0	0	0.33	0.67	2.67
第11天 11^th day	0	0	0	0.33	0	0.33	0	0.33	0.33
第12天 12^th day	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1.67	4.67
第13天 13^th day	0	0.33	0	0	0	0	0	0.33	4.67
第14天 14^th day	0	0	0	0.33	0	0	0	0	5.33
第15天 15^th day	0	0	0	0	0.33	0	0	0	6.67
累计死亡个数Cumulative mortality/个	30.00±0.00	1.67±2.08	0.33±0.58	1.00±1.00	0.33±0.58	1.67±0.58	1.00±1.00	5.00±1.00	25.00±1.00
注：上述每天对应的死亡数为各温度组3个平行组死亡数量的平均值，累积死亡个数为3个平行组的平均值±标准差。 Note: The number of deaths per day is the average of the number of deaths in the three parallel groups for each temperature group, and the cumulative number of deaths is the $ \overline { X}\pm { \rm {SD} }$ of the three parallel groups.

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表 3 织锦巴非蛤稚贝在不同温度下15 d的成活率

Table 3. Survival rates of P. textile juveniles at 15^th day at different temperatures

温度Temperature/ ℃	实测平均成活率Measured average survival rate/%	相对平均成活率Relative average survival rate/%
10	0.00±0.00^d	0
14	94.45±6.94^a	95.51
18	98.89±1.92^a	100.00
22	96.67±3.34^a	97.75
24	98.89±1.92^a	100.00
26	94.44±1.93^a	95.50
28	96.67±3.34^a	97.76
30	83.33±3.36^b	84.27
32	16.67±3.34^c	16.86

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