Morphological development and growth of larvae, juvenile and young red saddleback clownfish (Amphiprion ephippium)
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摘要: 为了解大眼双锯鱼 (Amphiprion ephippium) 早期发育特征,并为其人工繁育提供理论参考依据,对其仔、稚、幼鱼的形态和生长特征进行了连续观察和研究。结果显示,在水温 (27.0±0.5) ℃下,大眼双锯鱼受精卵经约184 h孵化,0日龄 (Days after hatching, dah) 仔鱼全长4.472~6.152 mm,身体半透明,鳍膜明显,卵黄囊仅小部分残留,并已开口摄食;7 dah全长5.213~12.985 mm,鳍膜消失,各鳍发育基本完成,头部开始出现纹带,进入稚鱼期,身体中部纹带开始出现,头部纹带形成;23 dah全长大于7.652 mm,身体被鳞,身体中部纹带向腹部延伸,各鳍颜色变为黄色,躯干部以红色素和黄色素为主,进入幼鱼期;28 dah幼鱼中部第二纹带完全形成,其后纹带开始从中部逐步消失;130 dah幼鱼中部纹带完全消失;160 dah幼鱼头部纹带完全消失,此时幼鱼外形、体色与成鱼基本相同。大眼双锯鱼仔、稚、幼鱼生长随日龄的增长呈现先慢后快再慢的生长趋势,大眼双锯鱼胚后发育过程中变化最明显的是头部和身体中部白色纹带的形成与消失。Abstract: In order to study the early developmental characteristics of red saddleback clownfish (Amphiprion ephippium), and provide a theoretical reference for its breeding, we had continuously observed and analyzed the morphological and growth characteristics of larvae, juveniles and young individuals. The body of 0 dah (Days after hatching) individuals (Total length 4.472‒6.152 mm) was translucent with obvious fin membrane, only a small part of yolk sac remaining, and feeding had been started. For 7 dah individuals (Total length 5.213‒12.985 mm), the fin membrane disappeared, and the development of each fin basically completed and the bands began to appear on the head, entering into juvenile stage. Then bands began to appear in the middle of the body and fully formed on the head. For 23 dah individuals (Total length>7.652 mm), the whole body was covered by scales, and the bands in the middle of the body extended to the abdomen, with yellow fins, and the trunk was mainly red pigment and yellow pigment, entering young fish stage. For 28 dah individuals, the middle band fully formed, then the bands gradually disappeared from the middle. For 130 dah individuals, the middle band disappeared completely, while the head band disappeared completely until about 160 dah. At this time, the shape and body color of young fish were the same with that of adult fish. In general, the growth of larval, juvenile and young A. ephippium showed a trend of slow-rapid-slow trend with the increase of age. The formation and disappearance of white band on the head and middle part of the body were the most obvious features during the early development stage of A. ephippium.
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Key words:
- Amphiprion ephippium /
- Larvae and juveniles /
- Growth and development /
- Band
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表 1 大眼双锯鱼不同发育时期全长、体高和眼径的生长比较
Table 1. Total length, body height and eye diameter of A. ephippium at different developmental stages
发育期
Developmental
stage全长
Total length/
mm体高
Body height/
mm眼径
Eye diameter/
mm仔鱼期 Larval fish 4.472~6.152 0.812~1.135 0.214~0.353 稚鱼期 Juvenile fish 5.213~12.985 1.104~4.552 0.279~0.758 幼鱼期 Young fish >7.652 >3.157 >0.613 -
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