A preliminary study on reproduction and feeding habits of Lutjanus gibbus from Meiji Reef of Nansha
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摘要: 隆背笛鲷 (Lutjanus gibbus) 是一种肉质鲜美且经济价值高的珊瑚礁鱼类，其产卵集聚容易造成过度捕捞。以2020年7月在美济礁海域潜水捕捞采集的67尾隆背笛鲷样本为研究对象，研究其性比、性成熟体长、卵径特征、繁殖力和食性等生物学特征。结果显示，隆背笛鲷雌雄比为2∶1；雌、雄性的50%性成熟体长 (L50) 分别为204.757和201.623 mm；IV期性腺卵径为0.176~0.419 mm (平均0.296 mm)；卵径频率分布为单峰型。隆背笛鲷的繁殖力为51 858~276 205粒 (平均139 145粒)，其繁殖力与体长、体质量成显著的幂函数关系。美济礁隆背笛鲷食性是螃蟹、鱼、螺、贝和虾。稳定同位素研究显示隆背笛鲷的平均营养级为3.33，其食性随个体发育转变明显，如生态位变窄和营养级变高等。Abstract: Lutjanus gibbus, a kind of coral reef fish with delicious meat and high economic value, whose spawning aggregation can easily lead to overfishing. Based on 67 individuals of L. gibbus collected by diving fishing in the waters of Mischief Reef in July 2020, we investigated its basic biological characteristics, including sex ratio, sexual maturity body length, egg diameter characteristics, fecundity and feeding habits. The results show that the ratio of female to male of L. gibbus was 2:1; the 50% sexually mature body lengths of males and females were 204.757 and 201.623 mm, respectively; the egg diameter of stage IV gonadal was 0.176–0.419 mm with an average of 0.296 mm; the frequency distribution of egg diameter was unimodal. The fecundity of L. gibbus was 51 858–276 205 eggs with an average of 139 145 eggs. Its fecundity had a significant power function relationship with body length and body mass. The preys of L. gibbus from Meiji Reef were crabs, fish, snails, shellfish and shrimps. The stable isotope study shows that the average trophic level of L. gibbus was 3.33, and its feeding habits changed significantly with individual development (the niche width was narrower and the trophic level was higher).
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Key words:
- Lutjanus gibbus /
- Fecundity /
- Stable isotope /
- Nutritional niche /
- Trophic level /
- Coral reef
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图 2 美济礁隆背笛鲷个体性成熟比例的逻辑斯蒂曲线
Figure 2. Logistic curve of sexual maturity percentage of L. gibbus from Meiji Reef
图 3 美济礁隆背笛鲷的卵径分布频率分布.
Figure 3. Oocyte size-frequency distribution of L. gibbus from Meiji Reef
图 4 美济礁隆背笛鲷繁殖力与体长和体质量的相关性
Figure 4. Relationships of fecundity-body length and fecundity-body mass of L. gibbus from Meiji Reef
图 5 美济礁隆背笛鲷的体长与δ13 C、δ15 N的相关性
Figure 5. Relationships of body length-δ13 C and body length-δ15 N of L. gibbus from Meiji Reef
表 1 美济礁海域隆背笛鲷体长、体质量特征
Table 1. Body length and body mass of L. gibbus from Meiji Reef
群体
Group数量
Number体长范围
Body length range/mm平均体长
Average body length/mm体质量范围
Body mass range/g平均体质量
Average body mass/g雌性 Female 30 140~250 215.63 72.51~411.79 303.92 雄 Male 15 160~270 203.33 120.99~665.43 282.87 雌雄不辨 Unsex 22 115~240 170.55 51.41~465.58 174.46 总体 Total 67 115~270 198.08 51.41~665.43 256.7 
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表 2 美济礁隆背笛鲷的δ13C、δ15N和营养生态位指标
Table 2. δ13C, δ15N values and trophic niche metrics for L. gibbus from Meiji Reef
群体
Group数量
Number碳稳定同位素 δ13C/‰ 氮稳定同位素δ15N/‰ δ13C范围 CRb/‰ δ15N范围 NRb/‰ 凸多边形面积TA/‰2 校正标准椭圆SEAC/‰2 未性成熟 Immature 8 −14.27 8.24 2.49 1.15 2.79 2.30 性成熟 Mature 7 −13.94 8.68 2.91 1.30 1.82 1.61 总体 Total 15 −14.11 8.44 3.41 2.14 4.51 2.17
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