Preparation of active peptide from Pinctada martensii adductor muscle and evaluation of its auxiliary hypoglycemic effect
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摘要: 为挖掘贝类活性肽潜在的营养功能价值,选用复合蛋白酶和风味酶分别水解马氏珠母贝 (Pinctada martensii)、华贵栉孔扇贝 (Chlamys nobilis) 和栉江珧 (Atrina pectinate) 的闭壳肌,以α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性为主要考察指标,探讨了蛋白酶种类、酶解时间、pH、温度以及酶添加量对酶解产物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的影响,筛选出最佳酶解产物,通过动物实验进一步验证其辅助降血糖的活性。结果显示,3种贝类的酶解产物均具有良好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,其中,马氏珠母贝闭壳肌酶解物 (Enzymatic hydrolysate of P. martensii adductor muscle, EHPA) 活性最强,在酶解条件时间为3 h、酶添加量为5 000 U·g−1、酶解温度为50 ℃、酶解pH为7.0的条件下,EHPA的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性为24.54%,其抑制活性与短肽浓度有一定相关性。动物实验结果显示,EHPA具有辅助降血糖的活性。综上,EHPA具有开发辅助降血糖功能食品的潜在应用价值。
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关键词:
- 马氏珠母贝 /
- 活性肽 /
- 降血糖 /
- α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性
Abstract: To explore the potential nutritional value of shellfish active peptides, we hydrolyzed the adductor muscles of Pinctada martensii, Chlamys nobilis and Atrina pectinate by compound protease and flavor protease, and investigated the effects of protease types, enzymolysis time, pH, temperature and enzyme dosage of the enzymatic hydrolysate on the inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase, so as to screen out the optimal enzymatic hydrolysate and further verify its auxiliary hypoglycemic activity through animal experiments. Results show that the hydrolysate of three kinds of adductor muscle had α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The enzymatic hydrolysate of P. martensii adductor muscle (EHPA) was most active with enzymolysis time of 3 h, pH of 7.0, enzymolysis temperature of 50 ℃ and enzyme dosage of 5 000 U·g−1. Under these conditions, the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase was 24.54%, which was related to the content of small molecular pepride. The results of animal experiments indicate that EHPA had the activity of auxiliary hypoglycemia. In summary, EHPA has potential application value in developing functional food for auxiliary hypoglycemic function.-
Key words:
- Pinctada martensii /
- Active peptide /
- Hypoglycemic /
- Inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase
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图 1 不同蛋白酶对贝类闭壳肌酶解产物游离氨基酸态氮质量分数的影响
注:不同小写字母的组间差异显著 (P<0.05),后图同此。
Figure 1. Effect of different protease on mass fraction of free amino acid nitrogen in hydrolysate of shellfish adductor muscle
Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between groups (P<0.05); the same case in the following figures.
表 1 马氏珠母贝酶解产物对正常小鼠体质量的影响 (N=10)
Table 1. Effect of P. martensii hydrolysate on mass of mouse (N=10)
组别
Group给药剂量
Dosage/(mg·kg−1)体质量 Body mass/g 体质量增长
Mass gain/%0 d 3 d NC — 26.73±1.28a 29.65±1.55ab 11.05a PC 150 25.86±2.77a 27.92±2.26a 7.97a EHPA-L 500 25.42±0.94a 27.48±1.10a 8.10a EHPA-M 1 000 27.46±2.08a 31.39±3.07abc 14.31a EHPA-H 2 000 27.63±3.54a 32.36±2.92c 17.12a 注:同行数据的不同小写字母表示组间差异显著 (P<0.05),下表同此。 Note: Values with different lowercase letters within the same line indicate significant difference between groups (P<0.05); the same case in the following tables. 表 2 马氏珠母贝酶解产物对小鼠空腹血糖的影响 (N=10)
Table 2. Effect of P. martensii hydrolysate on fasting blood glucose of mouse (N=10)
组别
Group给药剂量
Dosage/(mg·kg−1)血糖浓度
Blood glucose value/(mmol·L−1)降糖率
Hypoglycemic rate/%FBG0 FBG1 NC — 4.18±1.33a 3.70±0.99a 11.48a PC 150 4.94±1.73a 3.21±0.45a 35.02a EHPA-L 500 4.57±1.33a 3.16±0.75a 30.85a EHPA-M 1 000 4.70±1.71a 3.67±0.75a 21.91a EHPA-H 2 000 4.88±1.32a 3.33±0.60a 31.76a 表 3 马氏珠母贝酶解产物对小鼠糖耐量的影响 (N=10)
Table 3. Effect of P. martensii enzymatic hydrolysate on glucose tolerance of mouse (N=10)
组别
Group给药剂量
Dosage/(mg·kg-1)血糖浓度
Blood glucose value/(mmol·L-1)血糖曲线下面积
AUC/(mmol·min·L-1)FBG0 0.5 h 2 h NC — 4.18±1.33a 11.38±1.58c 9.57±1.56b 19.60±2.16c PC 150 4.94±1.73a 8.56±1.19a 6.87±1.14a 14.84±1.59a EHPA-L 500 4.57±1.33a 9.82±1.08b 7.83±1.39a 16.88±1.23b EHPA-M 1 000 4.70±1.71a 9.92±1.11b 7.85±1.79a 16.97±1.36b EHPA-H 2 000 4.88±1.32a 9.79±1.51ab 7.15±1.30a 15.73±1.12ab 表 4 马氏珠母贝酶解产物对小鼠血清胰岛素的影响 (N=10)
Table 4. Effect of P. martensii hydrolysate on serum insulin of mouse (N=10)
组别
Group空腹血清胰岛素
Fasting serum insulin/(mIU·L-1)胰岛素敏感指数
Insulin sensitivity index胰岛素分泌指数
Insulin sensitivity indexNC 29.14±4.96a 2.14±0.47a 9.36±4.36a PC 29.82±5.50a 2.13±0.13a 8.50±1.12a EHPA-L 30.77±4.58a 2.29±0.22a 10.07±2.12a EHPA-M 31.00±5.42a 2.14±0.15a 8.61±1.27a EHPA-H 29.10±3.58a 2.16±0.23a 8.92±2.20a -
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