接种戊糖乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌对低盐发酵鳊鱼品质的影响

田旭艳; 高沛; 夏文水; 许艳顺

doi:10.12131/20210321

接种戊糖乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌对低盐发酵鳊鱼品质的影响

doi: 10.12131/20210321

江南大学食品学院，江苏无锡 214122

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目 (2019YFD0901903)；国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系资助 (CARS-45-27)

详细信息

作者简介:
田旭艳 (1996—)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为水产品加工及贮藏。E-mail: 1603350568@qq.com

通讯作者:
许艳顺 (1981—)，男，研究员，博士，从事水产品加工及贮藏研究。E-mail: xuys@jiangnan.edu.cn

中图分类号: S 986.1
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- HTML全文浏览量: 28
- PDF下载量: 6
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-01
- 修回日期: 2021-12-14
- 录用日期: 2022-01-17
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-01

Effects of inoculation of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on quality of low-salt fermented bream

School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China

摘要

摘要: 为提高低盐发酵鱼的风味和安全品质，以鳊鱼 (Parabramis pekinensis) 为原料，接种戊糖乳杆菌 Lactiplantibacillus pentosus (Lp-1) 和酿酒酵母菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc-2018) 进行发酵，以pH、挥发性盐基氮 (TVB-N)、微生物、TCA-可溶性肽、生物胺、挥发性风味物质等为主要指标评价接种微生物菌株对低盐发酵鳊鱼品质的影响。结果表明，与未接种的对照组相比，发酵过程中，接种戊糖乳杆菌Lp-1和酿酒酵母菌Sc-2018可有效抑制挥发性盐基氮的产生和生物胺的累积，促进蛋白质降解和乙酸乙酯、3-羟基-2-丁酮等挥发性风味物质的生成。其中，接种戊糖乳杆菌Lp-1能够促进乳酸菌生长，适度降低发酵鳊鱼pH，且更大程度降低发酵鳊鱼的生物胺含量 (P<0.05)，提高食用安全性，同时提升了风味。
- 鳊鱼 /
- 戊糖乳杆菌 /
- 酿酒酵母菌 /
- 发酵 /
- 品质
Abstract: In order to improve the flavor and safety quality of low-salt fermented fish, we inoculated bream (Parapraxis pekinensis) with Lactiplantibacillus pentosus (Lp-1) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc-2018), so as to study the effects of inoculating microbial strains on the quality of low-salt fermented bream based on the indexes of pH, volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), microorganisms, TCA-soluble peptides, biogenic amines and volatile flavor compounds. Results show that compared with the control group, inoculation of Lp-1 and Sc−2018 could inhibit the production of volatile basic nitrogen and biogenic amines effectively, promote the degradation of protein and the formation of volatile flavor compounds such as ethyl acetate and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone. Inoculation of Lp-1 could promote the growth of lactic acid bacteria and reduce the pH of fermented bream appropriately. Compared with the other two groups, inoculation with lactic acid bacteria could reduce the biogenic amine content of fermented bream siginificantly (P<0.05), which improves the edible safety and the flavor of bream.
- Parapraxis pekinensis /
- Lactiplantibacillus pentosus /
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae /
- Fermentation /
- Quality

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图 1 鳊鱼发酵期间微生物变化

Figure 1. Change of microbiological during fermentation of bream

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图 2 鳊鱼发酵期间pH、挥发性盐基氮和TCA-可溶性肽含量变化

Figure 2. Changes of pH, TVB-N and TCA-soluble peptide content during fermentation of bream

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鳊鱼发酵过程中生物胺和挥发性风味化合物质量分数变化

Figure 3. Change of mass fraction of biogenic amine and volatile flavor compounds during fermentation of bream

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 鳊鱼发酵过程挥发性风味化合物变化

Table 1. Change of volatile flavor compounds during fermentation of bream μg·kg⁻¹

化合物 Compound	对照组 Control	发酵组 Fermentation group
化合物 Compound	对照组 Control	戊糖乳杆菌 Lp-1	酿酒酵母菌 Sc-2018
酯类 Esters
乙酸乙酯 Ethyl Acetate	31.43±1.22^c	118.05±10.31^a	85.28±9.10^b
乳酸乙酯 Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ethyl ester	12.18±0.59^a	—	13.20±1.08^a
乙酸异戊酯 1-Butanol, 3-methyl-, acetate	—	—	5.27±1.77^a
异戊酸乙酯 Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, ethyl ester	—	—	10.34±0.96^a
棕榈酸乙酯 Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester	—	—	6.62±0.50^a
戊二酸二甲酯 Pentanedioic acid, dimethyl ester	—	—	36.97±10.74^a
异丁酸乙酯 Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester	—	—	7.77±0.97^a
己二酸二甲酯 Hexanedioic acid, dimethyl ester	—	42.71±5.97^a
总酯类 Total esters	46.61±1.78^b	160.76±13.91^a	157.09±8.07^a
醇类 Alcohols
S-(−)-2-甲基-1-丁醇 (S)-2-methylbutan-1-ol	—	19.12±0.67^a	—
2-庚醇 2-Heptanol	—	26.30±1.12^a	—
顺-2-戊烯-1-醇 Cis-2-penten-1-ol	—	11.09±0.56^a	6.53±1.13^a
3-苯丙醇 3-Phenylpropanol	—	31.06±2.55^a
庚醇 1-Heptanol	—	—	24.44±3.93^a
1-戊醇 1-Pentanol	—	—	62.91±11.43^a
异丁醇 Isobutanol	—	—	31.02±5.26^a
2,3-丁二醇 2, 3-Butanediol	—	—	94.52±10.61^a
反式-2-辛烯-1-醇 (E)-oct-2-en-1-ol	—	—	13.93±1.13^a
2,6-二甲基-4-庚醇 Diisobutylcarbinol	—	—	10.84±0.03^a
L-薄荷醇 Levomenthol	—	—	11.35±2.04^a
苯乙醇 Phenylethyl Alcohol	—	—	378.51±28.74^a
乙醇 Ethanol	785.32±33.12^c	1 382.67±70.23^b	2 491.16±270.71^a
2-甲基-2-丙醇 Tert-butanol	19.64±1.25^b	43.34±12.46^a	15.08±0.20^b
正丙醇 1-Propanol	15.78±0.85^a		15.83±3.00^a
1-戊烯-3-醇 1-Penten-3-ol	13.52±3.93^b	22.99±2.34^a	19.32±3.32^ab
异戊醇 1-Butanol, 3-methyl-	457.93±48.02^b	89.38±6.51^c	912.04±123.18^a
正己醇 1-Hexanol	155.74±31.57^b	131.09±15.81^b	371.34±68.96^a
1-辛烯-3-醇 1-Octen-3-ol	148.15±15.00^b	346.25±20.83^a	371.34±68.96^a
2-乙基己醇 Eucalyptol	36.68±0.67^b	65.92±7.96^a	45.13±2.37^b
桉叶油醇 Eucalyptol	99.48±3.83^c	156.54±7.98^b	203.93±7.36^a
(2Z)-2-辛烯-1-醇 (2Z)-Octen-1-ol	10.33±1.59^a	—	—
芳樟醇 Linalool	117.92±3.79^c	808.76±14.39^a	222.55±17.08^b
2-茨醇 endo-Borneol	10.29±1.34^b	196.83±15.52^a	14.92±0.20^b
4-萜烯醇 Terpinen-4-ol	42.59±1.67^c	279.10±8.39^a	86.58±3.07^b
2-(4-甲基苯基)丙-2-醇 2-(4-Methylphenyl)propan-2-ol	17.69±1.38^c	41.72±3.69^a	27.16±1.09^b
alpha-松油醇 à-Terpineol	42.84±0.93^c	52.67±4.89^b	76.45±0.17^a
2-甲基丁醇 2-methylbutan-1-ol	39.16±3.06^b	—	140.33±25.73^a
1-壬醇 1-Nonanol	15.30±0.17^a	—	26.01±4.11^a
总醇类 Total alcohols	2 003.34±63.43^c	3 574.95±347.88^b	5 005.67±138.76^a
醛类 Aldehydes
戊醛 Pentanal	—	15.35±2.40^a	—
庚醛 Heptanal	—	—	13.58±3.62^a
乙醛 Acetaldehyde	5.85±0.71^b	—	30.21±9.84^a
异戊醛 3-methyl-butanal	43.13±5.03^b	16.37±2.11^b	86.51±29.29^a
2-甲基丁醛 2-methyl-butanal	22.75±2.04^a		33.41±10.39^a
正己醛 Hexanal	322.67±64.43^a	97.99±25.76^c	210.73±56.37^b
正辛醛 Octanal	20.18±0.88^b	44.53±6.56^a	25.13±3.24^b
苯乙醛 Benzeneacetaldehyde	13.61±0.77^b		32.92±11.06^a
壬醛 Nonanal	389.89±116.78^a	315.78±11.98^a	379.46±46.96^a
癸醛 Decanal	34.04±1.84^b	65.10±7.47^a	36.81±6.40^b
十二醛 Dodecanal	6.57±0.60^b	14.25±3.40^a	7.52±1.66^b
肉豆蔻醛 Tetradecanal	2.42±0.71^a	—	—
总醛类 Total aldehydes	1112.77±7.35^b	1106.94±148.19^a	844.03±162.07^ab
酮类 Ketones
2,3-戊二酮 2, 3-Pentanedione	—	26.68±10.06^a	—
2,5-辛二酮 2, 5-Octanedione	—	128.06±12.80^a	—
2-丁酮 2-Butanone	—	—	791.55±107.76^a
丙酮 Acetone	125.27±3.94^a	205.18±47.81^a	172.21±44.47^a
3-羟基-2-丁酮 Acetoin	349.13±12.04^b	832.38±22.65^a	282.00±82.80^b
2-庚酮 2-Heptanone	6.30±1.34^b	24.52±2.21^a	9.31±1.80^b
2,3-辛二酮 2, 3-Octanedione	27.24±6.68^b	—	56.76±17.94^a
甲基庚烯酮 Sulcatone	17.04±1.08^b	65.02±9.93^a	20.62±1.64^b
总酮类 Total ketones	524.99±14.64^b	1 239.16±95.75^a	1 302.04±357.24^a
酸类 Acids
乙酸 Acetic acid	184.48±34.21^b	664.65±31.31^a	—
异丁酸 Isobutyric acid	11.16±1.18^b	15.34±1.96^b	36.75±6.69^a
异戊酸 Isovaleric acid	78.42±7.99^b	100.10±3.91^b	317.56±40.72^a
2-甲基丁酸 2-methylbutyric acid	33.78±3.80^c	96.33±13.23^b	184.72±45.33^a
总酸类 Total acids	307.85±42.49^c	876.41±50.35^a	586.66±41.81^b
烯烃类 Olefins
3,7-二甲基-1-辛烯 3,7-dimethyloct-1-ene	—	—	38.92±6.71^a
苯乙烯 Styrene	41.53±6.18^b	265.74±26.79^a	58.86±8.46^b
水芹烯 à-Phellandrene	9.09±0.48^b	52.09±2.99^a	—
α-侧柏烯 Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene, 2-methyl-5-(1- methylethyl)-	7.17±3.08^a	—	—
(−)-柠檬烯 Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1- methylethenyl)-, (S)-	46.57±1.00^a	—	62.06±4.53^a
ç-松油烯 ç-Terpinene	17.56±2.08^c	160.04±15.39^a	51.57±4.48^b
Alpha-姜黄烯 Benzene, 1-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4- methyl-	6.94±0.95^b	73.78±12.18^a	3.18±2.87^b
2-蒎烯 à-Pinene	3.50±3.04^b	69.28±26.14^a	—
总烯烃类 Total olefins	126.94±8.41^c	620.93±26.51^a	214.18±13.88^b
烷烃类 Alkanes
十二烷 Dodecane	—	348.18±52.18^a	234.64±25.19^b
2,6-二甲基-十一烷 Undecane, 2, 6-dimethyl-	—	22.99±2.53^a	—
4-甲基-十一烷 Undecane, 4-methyl-	—	96.10±11.97^a	—
2,3,5,8-四甲基癸烷 Decane, 2, 3, 5, 8-tetramethyl-	—	—	11.57±8.77^a
2,6,10-三甲基-十二烷 Dodecane, 2, 6, 10-trimethyl-	—	—	203.12±14.30^a
2,5-二甲基-十一烷 Undecane, 2, 5-dimethyl-	—	—	16.81±4.48^a
正己烷 n-Hexane	99.49±12.06^a	100.01±10.26^a	—
甲基环戊烷 Cyclopentane, methyl-	9.83±3.42^b	13.83±0.98^a	—
正癸烷 Decane	17.35±0.88^b	45.15±6.45^a	18.96±1.67^b
十一烷 Undecane	26.20±1.32^c	51.08±8.85^b	88.42±4.02^a
2,6-二甲基-壬烷 Nonane, 2, 6-dimethyl-	35.67±2.62^a	28.66±32.04^a	—
2,3,6,7-四甲基-辛烷 Octane, 2, 3, 6, 7-tetramethyl-	57.78±5.13^a	24.22±1.98^b	45.50±15.56^a
6-乙基-2-甲基辛烷 Octane, 6-ethyl-2-methyl-	13.52±0.43^a	—	—
2,6,11-三甲基-十二烷 Dodecane, 2, 6, 11-trimethyl-	85.25±3.75^b	169.60±18.48^a	—
正十四烷 Tetradecane	35.55±2.18^b	78.37±10.88^a	41.62±1.63^b
十九烷 Nonadecane	17.64±1.42^c	48.98±0.97^a	26.11±1.72^b
十七烷 Heptadecane	9.24±0.41^a	27.07±7.61^a	23.94±7.79^a
总烷烃类 Total alkanes	388.05±41.07^b	842.85±119.02^a	625.54±173.57^ab
其他 Others
乙苯 Ethylbenzene	58.04±3.09^b	110.80±11.73^a	53.85±8.10^b
对二甲苯 p-Xylene	279.52±13.12^a	242.05±35.21^a	253.58±25.91^a
乙二醇丁醚 Ethanol, 2-butoxy-	6.67±0.56^b	33.60±32.23^a	—
乙二醇苯醚 Ethanol, 2-phenoxy-	40.61±0.42^b	42.40±4.88^b	263.98±47.41^a
花椒素 Xanthoxylin	15.38±0.70^b	19.89±2.20^a	10.88±0.22^c
2,2',5,5'-四甲基联苯基 1,1'-Biphenyl, 2, 2', 5, 5'-tetramethyl-	4.40±1.07^a	—	6.08±0.54^a
N-甲基吡咯 1H-Pyrrole, 1-methyl-	—	12.97±2.50^a	—
4-烯丙基苯甲醚 Estragole	—	16.86±2.64^a	—
邻异丙基甲苯 o-Cymene	—	94.70±9.49^a	27.01±1.44^b
总其他化合物 Total others	404.61±15.56^b	464.43±34.10^b	572.81±58.83^a
注：—. 未检测出；同一行不同小写字母表示各样品具有显著差异 (P<0.05)。 Note: —. Undetected. Different lowercase letters within the same line indicate significant difference among the samples (P<0.05).

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