高浓度CO<sub>2</sub>和光周期对浒苔幼苗生长和光合生理的影响

周伟; 武卉; 黄晶晶; 赵希星; 王静文; 王津果

doi:10.12131/20210278

高浓度CO₂和光周期对浒苔幼苗生长和光合生理的影响

doi: 10.12131/20210278

周伟^{1, 2, 3,},
武卉²,
黄晶晶²,
赵希星²,
王静文²,
王津果^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
江苏海洋大学/江苏省海洋生物资源与环境重点实验室/自然资源部滨海盐沼湿地生态与资源重点实验室，江苏连云港 222005
2.
江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室，江苏连云港 222005
3.
江苏省海洋生物产业技术协同创新中心，江苏连云港 222005

基金项目: 江苏省自然资源发展专项资金项目(JSZRHYKJ202001)；江苏省政策引导类计划 (苏北科技专项) (SZ-LYG202036)；江苏海洋大学人才引进科研基金项目(KQ19068)；连云港市“花果山英才计划”-双创博士项目(KK21054)；江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2021356)；江苏省优势学科建设工程资助项目

详细信息

作者简介:
周伟：周　伟 (1985—)，男，高级工程师，博士，从事水产育苗和养殖等研究。E-mail: wzhou@jou.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王津果 (1989—)，女，实验师，博士，从事海洋生物遗传育种研究。E-mail: 2020000035@jou.edu.cn

中图分类号: S 917.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-26
- 修回日期: 2021-12-24
- 录用日期: 2022-02-05
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-05

Effects of elevated CO₂and photoperiod on growth and physiological performance of seedlings of Ulva prolifera

ZHOU Wei^{1, 2, 3
,},
WU Hui²,
HUANG Jingjing²,
ZHAO Xixing²,
WANG Jingwen²,
WANG Jinguo^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
Jiangsu Ocean University/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Key Laboratory of Coastal Salt Marsh Ecosystems and Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Lianyungang 222005, China
2.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Lianyungang 222005, China
3.
Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China

摘要

摘要: 浒苔 (Ulva prolifera) 幼苗是绿潮藻天然“种子库”的主要组成部分，在绿潮发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。为揭示浒苔绿潮早期暴发的原因，并为未来浒苔绿潮的预警防控提供基础数据，选取2个CO₂浓度 [正常空气的CO₂浓度400 μatm (LC) 和加富后的CO₂浓度1 000 μatm (HC)] 和3个光周期 [短光照 (LL)：10 L∶14 D、正常光照 (ML)：12 L∶12 D和长光照 (HL)：14 L∶10 D]，探索其对浒苔幼苗的生长和光合生理的影响。结果显示，高浓度CO₂和长光照显著促进了幼苗生长 (P<0.05)；相较ML培养条件下，藻体在HL培养条件下显现出更高的生长速率和较低的呼吸速率；光化学参数受高浓度CO₂和光照时间的影响不明显；高浓度CO₂和长光照显著降低了叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素的含量 (P<0.05)。结果表明，CO₂和光周期对幼苗的生长及光合生理具有显著影响 (P<0.05)，HC、HL促进了幼苗的快速生长，增加了浒苔绿潮暴发的可能性，研究结果为深入了解绿潮藻暴发的原因提供了基础数据。
- 浒苔幼苗 /
- 高浓度CO₂ /
- 光周期 /
- 生长 /
- 光合生理 /
- 绿潮
Abstract: Ulva prolifera seedlings, which are the main component of the natural "seed bank" of green tide algae, play an important role in the occurrence and development of green tide. In order to understand the causes of the early outbreak of the green tide of U. prolifera and provide basic data for its early warning and prevention, we studied the growth and physiological responses of seedlings after the seedlings being cultured at two different CO₂ levels (LC: 400 μatm; HC: 1 000 μatm) in combination with three different photoperiods (LL: 10 L∶14 D; ML: 12 L∶12 D; HL: 14 L∶10 D). The relative growth rate of seedlings were significantly enhanced by elevated CO₂ under three light-dark regimes (P<0.05). The seedlings showed an obvious higher growth rate and a lower dark respiration rate (R_d) by HL treatment than by ML treatment. The impact of elevated CO₂ and illumination time on the photochemical performance was not obvious. Elevated CO₂ and longer illumination time had negative effects on chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b) and carotenoids (Car) content. The results suggest that the growth and physiological of seedlings are significantly influenced by elevated CO₂ and photoperiod (P<0.05). HC and HL promoted the growth of its seedlings and increased the possibility of outbreak of green tide caused by U. prolifera. This study provides basic data for indepth understanding of the causes of green tide algae outbreak.
- Ulva prolifera seedlings /
- Elevated CO₂ /
- Photoperiod /
- Growth /
- Physiological performance /
- Green tide

HTML全文

图 1 不同CO₂和光周期水平下浒苔幼苗相对生长速率变化

注：不同小写字母表示在LC条件下不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)，不同大写字母表示在HC条件下不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)；*表示同一光周期下不同CO₂水平间差异显著(P<0.05)；后图同此。

Figure 1. Relative growth rate of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

Note: Different lowercase letters represent significant difference among different treatments under lower CO₂ condition (P<0.05), and different uppercase letters represent significant difference among different treatments under high CO₂ condition (P<0.05). Asterisk represent signifi-cant difference between low and high CO₂ conditions within a photoperiod treatment (P<0.05). The same case in the following figures.

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图 2 不同CO₂和光周期水平下浒苔幼苗有效光合量子产率变化

Figure 2. Variation in yield of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂and photoperiod conditions

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图 3 不同CO₂和光周期条件下浒苔幼苗的相对电子传递速率 (rETR)

Figure 3. rETR values of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

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图 4 不同CO₂和光周期水平下浒苔幼苗净光合速率变化

Figure 4. Net photosynthetic rate of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

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图 5 不同CO₂和光周期水平下浒苔幼苗呼吸速率变化

Figure 5. Dark respiration rate of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

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图 6 不同CO₂和光周期水平下浒苔幼苗叶绿素a质量分数变化

Figure 6. Chl a mass fractions of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

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图 7 不同CO₂和光周期水平下浒苔幼苗叶绿素b质量分数变化

Figure 7. Chl b mass fractions of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

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图 8 不同CO₂和光周期水平下浒苔幼苗类胡萝卜素质量分数变化

Figure 8. Car contents of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

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表 1 不同CO₂和光周期水平下海水的碳酸盐系统参数

Table 1. Parameters of seawater carbonate system under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

组别 Group	pH	CO₂分压 pCO₂	溶解性无机碳 b(DIC)/ (μmol·kg⁻¹)	b(HCO₃ ⁻)/ (μmol·kg⁻¹)
LCLL	8.22±0.01^a	361.92±12.43^a	1992.63±20.00^a	1801.45±21.33^a
LCML	8.20±0.02^a	387.10±23.49^a	2026.25±33.93^a	1838.76±36.64^a
LCHL	8.21±0.02^a	374.86±19.66^a	2012.20±37.71^a	1822.57±36.83^a
HCLL	7.86±0.02^b	908.57±41.54^b	2089.37±34.75^b	1973.63±33.03^b
HCML	7.93±0.01^c	760.59±32.15^c	2082.15±46.47^ab	1956.44±44.46^b
HCHL	7.87±0.03^b	893.73±42.53^b	2104.42±37.06^b	1986.47±32.13^b

组别 Group	b(CO₃ ²⁻)/ (μmol·kg⁻¹)		b(CO₂)/ (μmol·kg⁻¹)	总碱度 b(TA)/ (μmol·kg⁻¹)
LCLL	179.24±2.22^a		11.94±0.41^a	2251.60±16.65^a
LCML	174.72±3.49^a		12.78±0.78^a	2276.87±27.12^a
LCHL	177.26±6.11^a		12.37±0.65^a	2267.25±38.27^a
HCLL	85.76±3.50^b		29.99±1.37^b	2194.97±35.74^a
HCML	100.61±2.63^c		25.10±1.06^c	2214.06±46.52^a
HCHL	88.45±6.54^b		29.50±1.40^b	2214.06±46.52^a
注：不同字母表示不同处理间差异显著 (P<0.05)。表4同此。 Note: Different superscript letters represent significant difference (P<0.05). The same case in Table 4.

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表 2 CO₂和光周期对浒苔幼苗相对生长速率的双因素方差分析

Table 2. Two-way ANOVA analysis for effect of CO₂ and photoperiod on relative growth rate of U. prolifera seedlings

	自由度 df	F	显著性 Sig.
光周期 Photoperiod	2	400.896 68	<0.001
CO₂	1	214.697 48	<0.001
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	25.877 27	<0.001
误差 Error	12

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表 3 CO₂和光周期对浒苔幼苗有效光合量子产率的双因素方差分析

Table 3. Two-way ANOVA analysis for effect of CO₂ and photoperiod on yield of U. prolifera seedlings

	自由度 df	F	显著性 Sig.
光周期 Photoperiod	2	64.212 12	<0.001
CO₂	1	203.757 58	<0.001
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	12.757 58	0.001 1
误差 Error	12

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表 4 不同CO₂和光周期条件下浒苔幼苗的相对电子传递速率 (rETR) 与光强关系的最佳拟合参数

Table 4. Best fitted parameters of relationship between rETR and light intensity of U. prolifera seedlings under different CO₂ and photoperiod conditions

	LCLL	LCML	LCHL	HCLL	HCML	HCHL
最大相对电子传递速率 rETR_max	22.59±3.18^ab	19.25±2.79^a	30.49±5.06^b	21.68±1.28^a	13.56±3.59^a	36.69±3.97^b
光能利用效率 α	0.16±0.00^a	0.19±0.05^ab	0.26±0.03^b	0.18±0.05^a	0.23±0.07^a	0.41±0.05^c
饱和光强 E_k	138.81±20.64^a	109.04±43.75^a	120.90±29.12^a	131.90±47.43^a	69.36±34.08^a	91.41±20.22^a

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表 5 CO₂和光周期对浒苔幼苗快速光响应曲线最佳拟合参数的双因素方差分析

Table 5. Two-way ANOVA analysis for effect of CO₂ and photoperiod on best fitted parameters derived from light response curve of U. prolifera seedlings

	自由度 df	F	显著性 Sig.
最大相对电子传递速率 rETRmax
光周期 Photoperiod	2	19.590 67	0.001 00
CO₂	1	9.788 51	0.008 71
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	3.743 84	0.054 52
误差 Error	12
光能利用效率 α
光周期 Photoperiod	2	9.216 37	0.003 76
CO₂	1	5.973 77	0.030 92
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	5.946 1	0.016 05
误差 Error	12
饱和光强 E_k
光周期 Photoperiod	2	2.799 56	0.100 49
CO₂	1	2.477 03	0.141 50
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	0.361 05	0.704 27
误差 Error	12

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表 6 CO₂和光周期对浒苔幼苗净光合速率和呼吸速率的双因素方差分析

Table 6. Two-way ANOVA analysis for effect of CO₂ and photoperiod on net photosynthetic rate and dark respiration rate of U. prolifera seedlings

	自由度 df	F	显著性 Sig.
净光合速率 P_n
光周期 Photoperiod	2	68.179 51	<0.001
CO₂	1	76.312 00	<0.001
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	3.605 82	0.059 39
误差 Error	12
呼吸速率 R_d
光周期 Photoperiod	2	32.090 00	<0.001
CO₂	1	52.590 09	<0.001
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	8.720 18	0.004 59
误差 Error	12

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表 7 CO₂和光周期对浒苔幼苗光合色素 (Chl a, Chl b, Car) 的双因素方差分析

Table 7. Two-way ANOVA analysis for effect of CO₂ and photoperiod on Chl a, Chl b and Car of U. prolifera seedlings

	自由度 df	F	显著性 Sig.
叶绿素 a Chl a
光周期 Photoperiod	2	12.627 45	0.001 12
CO₂	1	40.655 96	<0.001
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	4.440 73	0.036 02
误差 Error	12
叶绿素 b Chl b
光周期 Photoperiod	2	12.135 15	0.001 31
CO₂	1	39.309 47	<0.001
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	4.276 84	0.039 61
误差 Error	12
类胡萝卜素 Car
光周期 Photoperiod	2	9.957 24	0.002 83
CO₂	1	15.286 19	0.002 07
光周期×CO₂ Photoperiod×CO₂	2	2.880 35	0.095 13
误差 Error	12

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