王伦, 王崇懿, 刘建勇. 凡纳滨对虾生长和耐综合胁迫性状的遗传参数评估[J]. 南方水产科学, 2022, 18(4): 95-102. DOI: 10.12131/20210252
引用本文: 王伦, 王崇懿, 刘建勇. 凡纳滨对虾生长和耐综合胁迫性状的遗传参数评估[J]. 南方水产科学, 2022, 18(4): 95-102. DOI: 10.12131/20210252
WANG Lun, WANG Chongyi, LIU Jianyong. Evaluation of genetic parameters for growth and comprehensive stress tolerance traits of Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2022, 18(4): 95-102. DOI: 10.12131/20210252
Citation: WANG Lun, WANG Chongyi, LIU Jianyong. Evaluation of genetic parameters for growth and comprehensive stress tolerance traits of Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. South China Fisheries Science, 2022, 18(4): 95-102. DOI: 10.12131/20210252

凡纳滨对虾生长和耐综合胁迫性状的遗传参数评估

Evaluation of genetic parameters for growth and comprehensive stress tolerance traits of Litopenaeus vannamei

  • 摘要: 为丰富凡纳滨对虾 (Litopenaeus vannamei) 生长和抗逆选育数据库,并为其生长和耐综合胁迫遗传改良提供科学参考,以5个不同遗传背景的凡纳滨对虾群体 “兴海1号”(GS-01-007-2017) 核心群体、泰国和美国引进的4个群体 为亲本,经交配获得80个全同胞家系,最终保留38个家系,利用多性状动物模型和ASReml 4软件估计凡纳滨对虾105日龄的生长和耐综合胁迫 高盐 (35)、低pH (6±0.1) 与高氨氮 (70 mg·L−1) 三因子综合胁迫 性状的方差组分及遗传参数。结果显示,生长性状的遗传力为高遗传力 (0.37±0.09)~(0.51±0.10),耐综合胁迫性状的遗传力为中等遗传力 (0.21±0.06),这表明通过选育改良生长和耐综合胁迫性状是可行的;生长性状 (包括体质量、体长、头胸甲长和腹节全长) 的遗传相关性普遍较高,介于 (0.54±0.13)~(0.99±0.01) (P<0.01);生长性状之间的极显著相关性表明,任何生长性状均可被其他生长性状替代以进行间接选择;生长性状与耐综合胁迫性状的遗传相关性呈低或中的正相关 (0.11±0.23)~(0.39±0.19),表明以生长性状为主选目标进行选育时,耐综合胁迫性状也可获得间接改良。

     

    Abstract: To enrich the growth and stress resistance database of Litopenaeus vannamei, and to provide scientific references for the genetic improvement of its growth and comprehensive stress tolerance. We took five L. vannamei populations with different genetic backgrounds as parents, among which "Xinghai 1" (GS-01-007-2017) was the core population and the other four populations were introduced from Thailand and the United States. Eighty full-sib families had been obtained through mating and 38 families finally retained. We then used multi-trait animal model and ASReml 4 software to estimate the variance components and genetic parameters of growth and comprehensive stress tolerance of L. vannamei at 105 age old under the combined stress of high salt (35), low pH (6±0.1), and high ammonia nitrogen (70 mg·L−1). The results show that the heritability of growth traits was high (0.37±0.09)−(0.51±0.10), and the heritability of comprehensive stress tolerance traits was medium (0.21±0.06). The results show that it is feasible to improve the growth traits and comprehensive stress tolerance traits by breeding. The genetic correlation of growth traits (Including body mass, body length, head breastplate length, and full length of the abdomen) was generally high, ranging from (0.54±0.13)−(0.99±0.01) (P<0.01). The extremely significant correlation between growth traits shows that any growth trait could be replaced by other growth traits for indirect selection. The genetic correlation between growth traits and comprehensive stress tolerance traits was low to medium positive correlation (0.11±0.23)−(0.39±0.19), indicating that the comprehensive stress tolerance traits can also be indirectly improved when breeding with growth traits as the main selection target.

     

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