饲料中添加丁酸梭菌对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长性能和肠道菌群的影响

吴杨; 杨铿; 黄小林; 周传朋; 徐创文; 黄忠; 虞为; 荀鹏伟; 黄健彬; 麦晓勇; 林黑着

doi:10.12131/20210141

饲料中添加丁酸梭菌对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长性能和肠道菌群的影响

doi: 10.12131/20210141

吴杨^{1, 2,},
杨铿²,
黄小林³,
周传朋²,
徐创文⁴,
黄忠^{2, 3},
虞为^{2, 3},
荀鹏伟^{2, 5},
黄健彬^{2, 5},
麦晓勇⁴,
林黑着^{2, 3, ,}

1.
河北农业大学，河北秦皇岛 066003
2.
中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室，广东广州 510300
3.
中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所深圳试验基地，广东深圳 518121
4.
广州市欣海利生生物科技有限公司，广东广州 510300
5.
上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海 201306

基金项目: 中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金资助 (2020TD55)；亚洲合作资金项目；中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助 (2021XK02)；广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金 (2019KJ143)

详细信息

作者简介:
吴杨：吴　杨 (1997—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为动物营养与饲料。E-mail: 13782920524@163.com

通讯作者:
林黑着 (1965—)，男，研究员，博士，从事动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail: linheizhao@163.com

中图分类号: S 963.73⁺9
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-10
- 修回日期: 2021-08-25
- 录用日期: 2021-09-02
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-05

Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on growth performance and intestinal flora of juvenile Trachinotus ovatus

WU Yang^{1, 2
,},
YANG Keng²,
HUANG Xiaolin³,
ZHOU Chuanpeng²,
XU Chuangwen⁴,
HUANG Zhong^{2, 3},
YU Wei^{2, 3},
XUN Pengwei^{2, 5},
HUANG Jianbin^{2, 5},
MAI Xiaoyong⁴,
LIN Heizhao^{2, 3
, ,}

1.
Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao 066003, China
2.
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China
3.
Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China
4.
Guangzhou Xinhai Lisheng Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510300, China
5.
College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

摘要

摘要: 研究了饲料中拌料添加丁酸梭菌 (Clostridium butyricum) 对卵形鲳鲹 (Trachinotus ovatus) 幼鱼生长性能和肠道菌群的影响，以期为丁酸梭菌在卵形鲳鲹养殖中的应用提供理论依据。设计了5组饲料，在基础饲料中分别添加0、1% (1×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹)、2% (2×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹)、3% (3×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹)、4% (4×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹) 的丁酸梭菌菌液饲喂卵形鲳鲹幼鱼8周。结果表明，饲料中添加2%丁酸梭菌可以显著提高卵形鲳鲹幼鱼的饲料利用率，肠道菌群群落的多样性最大，与对照组和4%添加组有显著差异 (P<0.05)。主坐标分析和主成分分析表明，饲料中丁酸梭菌的添加量是改变卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群结构的主要因素。在门水平和属水平上，实验组与对照组均表现出不同程度的差异。饲料中添加丁酸梭菌能提高卵形鲳鲹幼鱼的生长性能、改善其肠道健康状态。
- 卵形鲳鲹 /
- 丁酸梭菌 /
- 生长性能 /
- 肠道菌群
Abstract: We evaluated the effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on the growth performance and intestinal microbiota of juvenile Trachinotus ovatus, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of C. butyricum in T. ovatus aquaculture. In this study, five kinds of experimental feeds [0, 1% (1×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹), 2% (2×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹), 3% (3×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹) and 4% (4×10⁷ CFU·g⁻¹) of C. butyricum] had been sprayed on the basic feed to feed T. ovatus for eight weeks. The results show that dietary supplementation of 2% C. butyricum improved the feed utilization rate of juvenile T. ovatus significantly. The diversity of intestinal flora was significantly different from that in control group and 4% supplemental group (P<0.05). The principal co-ordinates analysis and principal component analysis show that the added amount of C. butyricum in the feed was the main factor for the change in the structure of the intestinal flora of juvenile T. ovatus. At phylum and genus level, C. butyricum supplemental group and control group show difference at different degrees. Dietary supplementation with C. butyricum improved the growth performance and intestinal health of juvenile T. ovatus.
- Trachinotus ovatus /
- Clostridium butyricum /
- Growth performance /
- Intestinal flora

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图 1 卵形鲳鲹幼鱼增重率与饲料中丁酸梭菌添加量的关系

Figure 1. Relationship between weight gain rate of juvenile T. ovatus and amount of C. butyricum added in diet

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图 2 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群稀释性曲线

Figure 2. Dilution curve of intestinal flora of juvenile T. ovatus in different treatment groups

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图 3 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群的OTUs的venus图

Figure 3. Venus map of OTUs intestinal flora of juvenile T. ovatus in different treatment groups

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图 4 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群主坐标分析

Figure 4. Principal co-ordinates analysis of intestinal flora of juvenile T. ovatus in different treatment groups

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图 5 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群主成分分析

Figure 5. Principal component analysis of intestinal flora of juvenile T. ovatus in different treatment groups

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图 6 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群在门水平上的相对丰度聚类堆叠图

Figure 6. Cluster stack diagram of relative abundance of intestinal flora of juvenile T. ovatus in different treatment groups at phylum level

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图 7 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群在属水平上的相对丰度聚类堆叠图

Figure 7. Cluster stack diagram of relative abundance of intestinal flora of juvenile T. ovatus in different treatment groups at genus level

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表 1 饲料中添加丁酸梭菌对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼生长性能的影响

Table 1. Effects of dietary supplementation of C. butyricum on growth performance of juvenile T. ovatus

项目 Item	组别 Group
项目 Item	M0 (0)	M1 (1%)	M2 (2%)	M3 (3%)	M4 (4%)
初均质量 IBM/g	9.63±0.15	9.47±0.21	9.43±0.21	9.63±0.12	9.60±0.20
末均质量 FBW/g	21.80±0.62	22.73±0.95	23.00±1.14	23.03±0.31	21.33±1.12
增重率 WGR/%	126.31±5.99^ab	140.26±12.67^ab	143.72±6.80^a	139.13±4.66^ab	122.45±16.22^b
特定生长率 SGR/(%·d⁻¹)	4.08±0.13^ab	4.38±0.26^ab	4.45±0.14^a	4.36±0.98^ab	3.99±0.37^b
饲料系数 FC	1.68±0.04^a	1.51±0.12^ab	1.49±0.09^b	1.54±0.04^ab	1.68±0.13^a
脏体比 VSI/%	6.10±0.83	6.19±0.59	6.59±0.23	6.35±0.33	6.47±0.22
肝体比 HSI/%	2.17±0.12	1.95±0.21	2.19±0.21	2.13±0.19	2.24±0.09
肥满度 CF/(g·cm⁻³)	3.40±0.19	3.29±0.29	3.65±0.15	3.48±0.18	3.38±0.07
注：同行不同上标字母表示组间差异显著 (P<0.05)，下表同此。 Note: Values with different letters within the same column have significant difference (P<0.05). The same below.

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表 2 饲料中添加丁酸梭菌对卵形鲳鲹幼鱼全鱼营养成分的影响 (干质量)

Table 2. Effects of dietary supplementation of C. butyricum on whole fish nutrient composition of juvenile T. ovatus (dry mass) %

成分 Composition	组别 Group
成分 Composition	M0 (0)	M1 (1%)	M2 (2%)	M3 (3%)	M4 (4%)
水分 Moisture	70.25±0.63	69.93±0.74	70.31±0.66	70.46±0.66	70.39±0.53
粗蛋白 Crude protein	54.17±1.65	55.26±1.56	54.63±1.54	54.50±0.59	55.78±0.39
粗脂肪 Crude lipid	30.87±2.55	31.21±1.42	31.04±1.60	31.41±0.45	30.28±0.43
粗灰分 Ash	13.24±0.64	13.11±0.71	12.74±0.47	12.80±0.10	13.28±0.21

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表 3 不同处理组卵形鲳鲹幼鱼肠道菌群的多样性统计

Table 3. Diversity statistics of intestinal samples of juvenile T. ovatus in different treatment groups

项目 Item	组别 Group
项目 Item	M0 (0)	M1 (1%)	M2 (2%)	M3 (3%)	M4 (4%)
操作分类单元 OTU	39.00±7.55	34.33±7.02	30.33±2.08	41.00±6.08	36.33±8.08
Ace指数 Ace	42.00±6.25	39.00±8.66	33.00±1.73	45.33±10.01	38.00±8.54
Chao1指数 Chao1	41.67±5.13	37.67±7.57	32.67±3.79	43.67±8.08	37.67±8.02
香农指数 Shannon	1.52±0.46^a	1.79±0.02^b	1.85±0.00^b	1.80±0.01^b	1.51±0.02^a
辛普森指数 Simpson	0.29±0.01^a	0.20±0.00^b	0.19±0.00^b	0.23±0.01^c	0.33±0.01^d

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