不同碳氮比对中华草龟养殖水体生物絮团形成、水质及菌群结构的影响

张凯; 林怡静; 厉晨阳; 刘芳玲; 沈铭浩; 郑善坚

doi:10.12131/20200144

不同碳氮比对中华草龟养殖水体生物絮团形成、水质及菌群结构的影响

doi: 10.12131/20200144

张凯^{1, 2,},
林怡静¹,
厉晨阳¹,
刘芳玲^{1, 2},
沈铭浩^{1, 2},
郑善坚^{1, 2, ,}

1.
浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院，浙江金华 321004
2.
浙江省野生动物生物技术与保护利用重点实验室，浙江金华 321004

基金项目: 浙江省重点研发计划项目 (2019C02049; 2020C02014)

详细信息

作者简介:
张凯：张　凯 (1998—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为水生动物生态学。E-mail: 1360349228@qq.com

通讯作者:
郑善坚 (1971—)，男，副教授，硕士，从事水生动物生态学研究。E-mail: zhengsj@zjnu.cn

中图分类号: S 966.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-12
- 修回日期: 2021-10-03
- 录用日期: 2021-11-17
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-09
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-05

Effects of different C/N ratios on formation of biofloc, water quality and microflora in aquaculture water of Chinemys reevesii

ZHANG Kai^{1, 2
,},
LIN Yijing¹,
LI Chenyang¹,
LIU Fangling^{1, 2},
SHEN Minghao^{1, 2},
ZHENG Shanjian^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
College of Chemistry and Bioscience, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Wildlife Biotechnology and Conservation and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321004, China

摘要

摘要: 为探讨生物絮团技术应用于龟鳖类养殖中的可行性，并确定其最佳添加量，通过调控中华草龟 (Chinemys reevesii) 养殖水体中的碳氮比（质量比），分析生物絮团形成及其对水质和菌落的影响。实验以添加蔗糖设计碳氮比为10∶1 (CN-10)、15∶1 (CN-15)、20∶1 (CN-20) 的实验组和对照组 (CG)，进行为期40 d的养殖。结果显示，各组生物絮团体积指数 (FVI) 随碳氮比的增加而增大，在28 d后趋于稳定；碳氮比≥10时氨氮和亚硝酸盐处理效果显著，其中CN-15组40 d后氨氮和亚硝酸盐的去除率分别为76.7%和64.4%。碳氮比为15∶1时能促进龟池生物絮团的形成，并可有效降低水中氨氮、亚硝酸盐水平。对实验组 (CN-15) 与对照组的生物絮团进行高通量测序，发现2种水体中生物絮团的优势菌门均为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门，但各优势菌门占比有所差异。研究表明，添加不同碳氮比可影响中华草龟养殖水体生物絮团的形成、水质和菌群结构。碳氮比为15∶1是形成生物絮团的最适比例，在促进生物絮团形成的同时，对水质也具有较强的调节能力。
- 中华草龟 /
- 生物絮团 /
- 水质指标 /
- 高通量测序
Abstract: In order to determine the feasibility and the best addition amount of biofloc technology in turtle culture, we studied the formation of biofloc and its effects on water quality and microflora by regulating the C/N ratio in the culture water of Chinemy sreevesii. We carried out an experiment with the addition of sucrose at 10∶1 (CN-10), 15∶1 (CN-15), 20∶1 (CN-20) and the control group for 40 d. The results show that the biofloc volume index of each group of biofloc became stable after 28 d, and the treatment effect of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite was significant with the C/N ratio≥10∶1. Among them, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite after 40 d of the group with a C/N ratio of 15∶1 were 76.7% and 64.4%, respectively, which indicates that the C/N ratio of 15∶1 can promote the formation of biofloc, and reduce the level of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water effectively. The biological flocs of the experimental group (CN-15) and the control group were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing, and the results show that the dominant phyla of biofloc in the two water bodies were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, but the proportion of each dominant bacteria phylum was different. In conclusion, the addition of different C/N ratios can affect the formation of biofloc, water quality and microflora of C. reevesii ponds. 15∶1 is the optimal C/N ratio for the formation of biofloc, which can promote the formation of biofloc and has a strong ability to regulate water quality.
- Chinemys reevesii /
- Biofloc /
- Water quality indicators /
- High-throughput sequencing

HTML全文

图 1 实验期不同处理组的生物絮团沉积量动态变化

Figure 1. Dynamic changes of biofloc deposits in different groups during experimental period

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 生物絮团的形态结构观察图

Figure 2. Morphology of biofloc under microscope

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 实验期不同处理组氨氮、亚硝酸盐和总氮的动态变化

Figure 3. Dynamic changes of mass concentration of ammonia-N, nitrite-N and total nitrogen in different groups during experimental period

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 对照组与实验组 (CN-15) 细菌门水平的分布情况

Figure 4. Distribution of bacterial phylum levels in control group and experimental group (CN-15)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 对照组与实验组 (CN-15) 细菌纲水平的分布情况

Figure 5. Distribution of bacterial class levels in control group and experimental group (CN-15)

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图 6 对照组与实验组 (CN-15) 细菌属水平的分布情况

Figure 6. Distribution of bacterial genus levels in control group and experimental group (CN-15)

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图 7 对照组与实验组 (CN-15) 部分细菌属水平差异图

Figure 7. Difference of bacterial genus level between control group and experimental group (CN-15)

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表 1 实验结束时不同处理组养殖水体的水质参数

Table 1. Water quality of aquaculture water bodies in different groups at the end of test

组别 Group	温度 Temperature/℃	酸碱度 pH	溶解氧质量浓度 ρ(DO)/ (mg·L⁻¹)	氨氮质量浓度 ρ(NH₄ ⁺-N)/ (mg·L⁻¹)	亚硝酸盐质量浓度 ρ(NO₂-N)/ (mg·L⁻¹)	总氮质量浓度 ρ(TN)/ (mg·L⁻¹)
对照 Control	31.4±0.7^a	7.32±0.17^a	1.20±0.22^a	2.23±0.12^a	1.35±0.05^a	27.86±3.74^a
CN-10	31.1±0.5^a	7.26±0.30^b	0.40±0.09^b	0.73±0.06^b	1.18±0.14^a	26.31±2.31^a
CN-15	31.3±0.9^a	7.21±0.29^b	0.29±0.08^b	0.52±0.18^b	0.48±0.04^b	18.22±1.53^b
CN-20	31.5±1.2^a	7.01±0.47^b	0.21±0.12^b	0.60±0.15^b	0.42±0.04^b	19.97±3.36^b
注：同列中不同字母间存在显著性差异 (P<0.05)。 Note: Values with different letters within the same column have significant difference (P<0.05).

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