中华绒螯蟹“长荡湖1号”子一代成蟹阶段养殖性能初步评估

庄振俊; 张冬冬; 姜晓东; 陈文彬; 陈晓武; 成永旭; 吴旭干

doi:10.12131/20200237

中华绒螯蟹“长荡湖1号”子一代成蟹阶段养殖性能初步评估

doi: 10.12131/20200237

1.
上海海洋大学农业农村部淡水种质资源重点实验室/水产动物遗传育种上海市协同创新中心/水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心，上海 201306
2.
常州市金坛区水产技术指导站，江苏常州 213200

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划 “蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项 (2018YFD0900103)；常州市科技支撑计划 (CE20182003)；江苏金坛区农业农村局科技项目 (JTNL2019001)

详细信息

作者简介:
庄振俊 (1994—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为河蟹生态养殖。E-mail: zzj951222@163.com

通讯作者:
吴旭干 (1978—)，男，博士，教授，从事甲壳动物营养生理和品质育种研究。E-mail: xgwu@shou.edu.cn

中图分类号: S 966.16
计量
- 文章访问数: 31
- HTML全文浏览量: 8
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-14
- 修回日期: 2021-01-08
- 网络出版日期: 2021-03-29

A preliminary evaluation on culture performance of first selective generation of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) "Changdang Lake 1" during adult culture stage

1.
Shanghai Ocean University/Key Laboratory of Freshwater Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding/National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai 201306, China
2.
Changzhou Jintan District Fisheries Technical Extension Station, Changzhou 213200, China

摘要

摘要: 中华绒螯蟹 (Eriocheir sinensis)“长荡湖1号”A系 (雌体大于200 g) 和B系 (雌体大于250 g) 的选育工作已进行到子一代 (G1代)，前期研究表明，G1代在扣蟹阶段的生长性能及养殖效果表现出一定的优势，但成蟹的养殖性能尚不清楚。文章系统比较了“长荡湖1号”2个选育品系 (A系和B系) 与未选育群体在成蟹养殖阶段的生长性能、成活率和产量等指标。结果显示：1) 在养殖中后期 (9—11月)，选育组平均体质量略高于对照组，其中B系雌体显著高于对照组 (P<0.05)；此外，B系在5—7月的增重率和特定生长率均显著高于A系 (P<0.05)；2) A系和B系雄体生殖蜕壳率和性腺指数均略低于对照组；B系肝胰腺指数在10月20日显著低于另外2组，而11月15日又显著高于另外2组 (P<0.05)；3) 两选育品系雌雄体大规格成蟹 (雄蟹≥195 g，雌蟹≥120 g) 比例均高于对照组，其中B系G1代雄蟹 (195~219.9 g) 显著大于对照组 (P<0.05)；此外，在最终平均体质量、成活率、产量及饵料系数等方面，两选育品系均优于对照组。综上，A系在成活率、产量和饲料系数等方面具有优势，B系具有大规格蟹比例高、最终平均体质量大的特点。
- 中华绒螯蟹 /
- “长荡湖1号” /
- 成蟹阶段 /
- 养殖性能
Abstract: The first generation (G1) of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) called "Changdang Lake 1" Strain A (body mass of female parent is more than 200 g) and B (body mass of female parent is more than 250 g) have been obtained. In previous study, G1 showed better growth and culture performance in juvenile crab culture stage, but the performance of adult crab culture is still unclear. Therefore, the difference of growth, survival rate, yield, average mass and size distribution were systematically compared among Strain A, Strain B and unselected groups. The results show that: 1) In middle and later stages of culture (September−November), the average body mass of two breeding groups was slightly higher than that of the control group, and that of Strain B female was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate (SGR) of Strain B were significantly higher than those of Strain A from May to July (P<0.05). 2) The puberty molting rate and hepatosomatic index of male in the two selected groups were slightly lower than those in the control group. The hepatopancreatic index of Strain B was significantly lower and higher than those of the other two groups on October 20 and November 15, respecitively. 3) The proportion of large-sized crabs (male ≥195g, female ≥120 g) in male and female of two breeding groups was higher than that of the control group, among which only G1 male of Strain B (195−219.9 g) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Besides, the final average body mass, survival rate, yield and feed conversion rate of the two selected strains were higher than those of the control group. Above all, "Changdang Lake 1" strain A is characterized by high survival rate, yield and feed conversion rate, while Strain B is characterized by high proportion in large-size and great final average body mass.
- Eriocheir sinensis /
- Changdang Lake 1 /
- Adult culture stage /
- Culture performance

HTML全文

图 1 “长荡湖1号”在成蟹阶段体质量、增重率和特定增长率的变化情况

Figure 1. Monthly variation of mass, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of "Changdang Lake 1" during adult E. sinensis culture stage

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 “长荡湖1号”在成蟹阶段生殖蜕壳率、性腺指数和肝胰腺指数比较

Figure 2. Comparison of puberty molting rate, gonadosomatic index and hepatosomatic index of "Changdang Lake 1" during adult E. sinensis culture stage

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 “长荡湖1号”在成蟹阶段规格分布比较

Figure 3. Comparison of harvest size distribution of "Changdang Lake 1" during adult E. sinensis culture stage

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 3群体河蟹亲本规格和扣蟹体质量

Table 1. Size of parents and body mass of juvenile E. sinensis in three groups

群体 Group	亲本规格 Size of parents/g		扣蟹规格 Size of juveniles/g
群体 Group	雌体 Female	雄体 Male	雌体 Female	雄体 Male
“长荡湖1号”A系 Changdang Lake 1 Strain A	200	300	8.68±0.01	8.41±0.01
“长荡湖1号”B系 Changdang Lake 1 Strain B	250	350	8.43±0.01	7.93±0.03
对照组 Control group	110	160	8.87±0.01	8.28±0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 “长荡湖1号”在成蟹阶段的最终平均体质量、成活率、产量和饲料系数比较

Table 2. Comparison of final average body mass, survival, yield and feed conversion ratio of "Changdang Lake 1" during adult E. sinensis culture stage

	项目 Item	“长荡湖1号”A系 "Changdang Lake 1" Strain A	“长荡湖1号”B系 "Changdang Lake 1" Strain B	对照组 Control group
雄体 Male	平均体质量 Average body mass/g	168.28±12.26	176.39±2.17	162.11±7.27
	成活率 Survival rate/%	78.89±10.00	68.15±8.38	67.41±1.05
	产量 Yield/(g·m^-2)	105.12±19.45	98.21±10.87	89.36±3.27
雌体 Female	平均体质量 Average body mass/g	111.42±5.38	119.22±7.89	108.77±4.12
	成活率 Survival rate/%	71.11±10.89	66.67±6.54	60.00±2.22
	产量 Yield/(g·m^-2)	64.96±11.53	65.06±8.06	54.41±3.87
雌+雄 Female+Male	平均体质量 Average body mass/g	144.89±2.83	158.16±0.44	129.73±4.88
	成活率 Survival rate/%	78.52±6.81	67.41±7.39	63.89±1.67
	产量 Yield/(g·m^-2)	174.56±27.13	163.27±18.82	141.48±4.46
饲料系数 Feed conversion rate		2.25±0.53	2.42±0.41	2.80±0.03

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(35)

陈蓝荪, 王武, 陈再忠. 从河蟹市场分析看中华绒螯蟹养殖的发展方向[J]. 上海水产大学学报, 2001(1): 81-85.

农业农村部渔业渔政管理局. 中国渔业统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2020: 24.

张世勇, 傅洪拓, 乔慧, 等. 中华绒螯蟹遗传育种研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(20): 39-45. doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0384

邓燕飞, 夏爱军, 潘建林, 等. 中华绒螯蟹“长江1号”的选育[J]. 水产养殖, 2013, 34(4): 43-47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2091.2013.04.011

董建昌. 中华绒螯蟹“长江2号”蟹种培育试验[J]. 科学养鱼, 2016(5): 9-10.

王成辉, 张根玉. 中华绒螯蟹“江海21”[J]. 中国水产, 2017(1): 69-75.

郑岩, 徐显峰. “光合1号”蟹苗与非选育蟹苗的对比养殖试验[J]. 科学养鱼, 2013(11): 31-32.

徐跑, 董在杰, 庄红根, 等. 中华绒螯蟹“诺亚1号”[J]. 中国水产, 2017(7): 70-73.

陈蓝荪. 我国河蟹市场发展动向及思考[J]. 水产科技情报, 2016, 43(5): 269-275.

毛振方. 池塘养殖密度对中华绒螯蟹 (Eriocheir sinensis) 生长性能和养殖水环境的影响[D]. 南昌: 南昌大学, 2019: 9-29.

纪连元, 王建民, 肖温温, 等. 不同的配合饲料投喂方式对河蟹生长的影响[J]. 水产养殖, 2018, 39(6): 6-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2091.2018.06.003

罗明, 王桂民, 张金彪, 等. 金坛河蟹“小精高”家庭养殖模式[J]. 科学养鱼, 2017(1): 31-32.

王少兵, 刘乃更, 姜晓东, 等. 三种亲本规格河蟹土池育苗的试验总结[J]. 科学养鱼, 2019(6): 12-13.

罗明, 周威, 王少兵, 等. “长荡湖1号”河蟹选育子一代扣蟹养殖性能的初步研究[J]. 水产科技情报, 2020, 47(6): 324-328.

HE J, WU X G, LI J Y, et al. Comparison of the culture performance and profitability of wild-caught and captive pond-reared Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) juveniles reared in grow-out ponds: Implications for seed selection and genetic selection programs[J]. Aquaculture, 2014, 434(1): 48-56.

朱清顺, 柏如发, 邓燕飞. 中华绒螯蟹“长江一号”生长性能比较研究[J]. 农学学报, 2012, 2(1): 53-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7774.2012.01.012

王成辉, 李思发. 中华绒螯蟹种质研究进展[J]. 中国水产科学, 2002, 9(1): 82-86. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-8737.2002.01.019

LV J J, ZHANG D N, GAO B Q, et al. Transcriptome and Mass ARRAY analysis for identification of transcripts and SNPs for growth traits of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus[J]. Gene, 2015, 566(2): 229-35. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.050

LIU X, ZHAO J L, ZHENG Y, et al. Genetic analysis for absolute and relative growth of body weight and main morphological traits in Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis[J]. J World Aquacult Soc, 2018, 49(2): 380-387. doi: 10.1111/jwas.12518

张天时, 孔杰, 刘萍, 等. 饵料和养殖密度对中国对虾幼虾生长及存活率的影响[J]. 海洋水产研究, 2008, 29(3): 41-47.

杨志刚, 刘启彬, 姚琴琴, 等. 养殖密度和饵料组成对河蟹仔蟹生长和存活的影响[J]. 生物学杂志, 2015, 32(6): 34-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2015.06.034

刘庆华. 水草对中华绒鳌蟹生长、营养品质及基因表达的影响[D]. 上海: 上海海洋大学, 2017: 6-14.

黄伟卿, 张艺, 柯巧珍, 等. 大黄鱼选育子二代生长性状研究[J]. 南方水产科学, 2013, 9(3): 14-19. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2013.03.003

SRIMAI W, KOONAWOOTRITTRIRON S, CHAIVICHOO P, et al. Selection response and genetic parameters for growth in North African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)[J]. Aquaculture, 2020, 518(1): 734843.

蒋湘, 刘建勇, 赖志服. 九孔鲍选择群体F₁的选择反应与现实遗传力估计[J]. 南方水产科学, 2013, 9(2): 9-13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0780.2013.02.002

SUI J, LUAN S, LUO K, et al. Genetic parameters and response to selection of harvest body weight of the Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis after five generations of multi-trait selection[J]. Aquaculture, 2016, 452(1): 134-141.

LIU J H, ZHENG J J, LIU J Y. Genetic parameters for growth-related traits and survival with age in the Kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus[J]. Aquacult Res, 2019, 50(1): 42-48. doi: 10.1111/are.13862

何杰, 吴旭干, 姜晓东, 等. 野生和人工繁育大眼幼体在成蟹阶段的养殖性能比较[J]. 上海海洋大学学报, 2015, 24(1): 60-67.

JIANG X D, WANG H N, CHENG Y X, et al. Growth performance, gonad development and nutritional composition of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis selected for growth and different maturity time[J]. Aquaculture, 2020, 523(1): 735194.

王世会, 周永昌, 吴旭干, 等. 辽河和闽江水系中华绒螯蟹扣蟹在成蟹阶段的养殖性能比较[J]. 水产学杂志, 2019, 32(2): 25-31.

王世会, 龙晓文, 祖露, 等. 西双版纳河蟹性腺发育规律和营养品质[J]. 上海海洋大学学报, 2019, 28(4): 483-490.

成永旭, 堵南山, 赖伟. 中华绒螯蟹成熟卵巢的脂类及脂肪酸组成[J]. 中国水产科学, 1999, 6(1): 3-5.

姜晓东. 不同来源中华绒螯蟹蟹种质量评价的研究[D]. 上海: 上海海洋大学, 2017: 8-9.

李健, 刘萍, 高保全, 等. 三疣梭子蟹新品种“黄选1号”的选育[J]. 渔业科学进展, 2013, 34(5): 51-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7075.2013.05.008

ARGUE B J, ARCE S M, LOTZ J M, et al. Selective breeding of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for growth and resistance to Taura Syndrome Virus[J]. Aquaculture, 2002, 204(3): 447-460.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计