珠江口淇澳岛红树林湿地沉积物碳、氮分布研究
Study on distribution of sediment carbon and nitrogen in mangrove wetland of Qi'ao Island, Pearl River Estuary
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摘要: 为了对珠江口红树林湿地沉积物有机质有更为全面、深入的认识，该研究以珠江口淇澳岛红树林湿地为研究对象，对其沉积物有机碳 (TOC) 和总氮 (TN) 的含量分布、储量及来源进行了研究。结果表明，淇澳岛7种主要红树 [秋茄 (Kandelia candel)、无瓣海桑 (Sonneratia opetala)、桐花 (Aegiceras corniculatum)、木榄 (Bruguiera gymnorhiza)、卤蕨 (Acrostichum aureum)、老鼠簕 (Acanthus ilicifolius)、海漆 (Excoecaria agallocha)] 群落表层沉积物TOC质量分数介于1.125%~1.969%，TN质量分数介于0.058%~0.136%。其中秋茄林内TOC含量最高，无瓣海桑林缘含量最高，而木榄林内、林缘TOC含量均最低，且各红树群落TOC含量均呈林内大于林缘的特征。表层沉积物碳氮比 (C/N) 为12.032~26.690，显示出高等植物对其有机质组成具有较高的贡献率，其中植被内源有机碳的平均贡献率约为70.21%。受土地利用变化等因素的影响，0~30 cm层沉积物的TOC和TN含量均呈现出波动变化的趋势。0~30 cm层沉积物有机碳储量 (SOC) 介于56.83~69.54 t·hm−2，显示出淇澳岛红树林湿地较强的有机碳埋藏能力。Abstract: In order to have a deep and thorough understanding of sediment organic matter in mangrove wetland of the Pearl River Estuary, we analyzed the distribution, stocks and source of soil organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) of the mangrove wetland in Qi'ao Island. The results show that the TOC content in the surficial sediment of seven main mangrove communities (Kandelia candel, Sonneratia opetala, Aegiceras corniculatum, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Acrostichum aureum, Acanthus ilicifolius, Excoecaria agallocha) was 1.125%−1.969%, and the TN content was 0.058%−0.136%. Among the seven main mangrove communities, K. candel had the highest TOC content of inner forest, while S. opetala had the highest TOC content of forest edge. The lowest TOC content of inner and edge both appeared in B. gymnorhiza communities. Moreover, the TOC content of inner forest was always higher than that of edge. The C/N of the surficial sediment was 12.032−26.690, which shows that higher plants have a higher contribution rate to its organic matter composition. According to the C/N bivariate mixture model, about 70.21% of TOC input came from endogenous input of vegetation. Affected by factors such as land use change, TOC and TN content fluctuated in 0−30 cm soil layer. The storage of organic carbon (SOC) was 56.83−69.54 t·hm−2, which shows the strong TOC storage ability of this mangrove wetland in Qi'ao Island.
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Key words:
- Mangrove forest /
- Sediment /
- Storage of TOC and TN /
- Distribution characteristics /
- Qi'ao island
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图 2 7种红树群落表层沉积物有机碳、氮平均含量
Figure 2. Average contents of TOC and TN in surface sediments of seven mangrove communities
图 3 7种红树群落表层沉积物有机碳、总氮含量分布
Figure 3. TOC and TN distributions in surface sendiments of seven mangrove communities
图 4 淇澳岛红树林湿地沉积物中有机碳、总氮含量垂直分布图
Figure 4. Vertical distribution of TOC and TN contents in sediment of mangrove wetland of Qi'ao Island
图 5 淇澳岛红树林湿地沉积物中C/N垂直分布图
Figure 5. Vertical distribution of C/N in sediment of mangrove wetland of Qi'ao Island
图 6 7种红树群落表层沉积物有机碳、氮储量
Figure 6. TOC and TN stocks of surface sediments of seven mangrove communities
表 1 淇澳岛红树林湿表层沉积物理化性质
Table 1. Physical and chemical properties of surface sediment in mangrove wetland of Qi'ao island
红树种类
Mangrove species含水率
Moisture content/%容重
Bulkdensity/g·cm−3秋茄 K. candel 64.14±1.8 1.24±0.089 老鼠簕 A. ilicifolius 70.39±2.2 1.26±0.046 无瓣海桑 S. opetala 69.94±6.8 1.23±0.130 桐花 A. corniculatum 75.21±12.9 1.13±0.184 卤蕨 A. aureum 70.76±1.6 1.26±0.046 海漆 E. agallocha 65.97±5.4 1.13±0.097 
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表 2 淇澳岛红树林湿地垂直分层沉积物理化性质
Table 2. Physical and chemical properties of sediment core in mangrove wetland of Qi'ao Island
柱状样
Sediment core/cm含水率
Moisture content/%容重
Bulkdensity/g·cm−30~3 64.43±4.6 1.34±0.067 3~6 64.73±6.9 1.30±0.065 6~9 63.65±8.9 1.25±0.077 9~12 66.40±4.4 1.26±0.055 12~15 63.93±12.6 1.27±0.124 15~18 62.76±14.0 1.27±0.147 18~21 67.08±2.3 1.25±0.080 21~24 68.35±6.2 1.23±0.169 24~27 73.89±1.3 1.17±0.121 27~30 68.90±9.6 1.27±0.129
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表 3 不同区域湿地沉积物中有机质含量对比
Table 3. Comparison of organic matter in wetland sediments in different regions
研究区域
Survey area有机碳质量分数
TOC/%总氮质量分数
TN/mg·g−1数据来源
Data source淇澳岛红树林湿地 Mangrove wetland in Qi'ao Island 0.92~2.26 0.60~1.43 本研究 深圳福田红树林湿地 Futian Mangrove wetland of Shenzhen 约1.42 1.40~1.60 [2] 广西珍珠湾红树林湿地 Mangrove wetland in Zhenzhu Gulf, Guangxi 1.43~2.21 0.62~1.03 [24] 九龙江口红树林湿地 Mangrove wetland in Jiulong River Estuary 1.24~3.81 1.19~2.05 [26] 法国Albert湖泊 Lake Albert, French 4.33~5.31 − [32] 巴西南部红树林湿地 Mangrove wetland, South Brazil 2.7~6.1 − [32] 美国Massachusetts湿地 Massachusetts wetland in America 5.6~36.7 0.80~1.80 [33] 长江口湿地 Yangtze River Estuary 0.1~0.7 0.14~0.78 [34] 苏北潮滩湿地 Tidal flat in northern Jiangsu Province 0.16~0.9 0.19~2.68 [34] 漳江口红树林湿地 Mangrove wetland in Zhangjiang Estuary 0.91~2.86 0.25~2.21 [35] 法国Guiana红树林湿地 Guiana mangrove wetland, French 0.70~1.90 0.10~1.30 [36] 荷兰西谢尔德河口 Westerschelde Estuary 1.19~2.33 0.8~0.15 [37] 广西大冠沙红树林湿地 Daguansha mangrove wetland, Guangxi 2.26±1.84 0.45±0.34 [38]
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